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The pharmacokinetics of the acylureido-penicillin, azlocillin, were studied after intravenous or intramuscular injections in 53 premature and full-term infants with infections. Effective concentrations were achieved in premature babies after doses of 50 mg/kg every 12 h and in full-term infants with 100 mg/kg every 12 h. No untoward effects of azlocillin were observed. On the basis of these studies, a dosage schedule for azlocillin has been established.

630 neonates with risk factors of perinatal hearing impairment were screened of hearing loss by means of registration of transient otoacoustic emissions before discharge from the newborn nursery. Neonates were screened additionally by means of brainstem evoked response audiometry, if they had bilateral negative emissions. 810 healthy neonates were screened as control group. The investigations were carried out in incubator after the feeding of neonates. The prevalence of a bilateral negative cochlear response was 5.2% in the risk babies and 1.7% in healthy neonates. Neonates are high risk patients for hearing loss if they show craniofacial anomalies including alcohol embryofetopathy, connatal infections, or very low birth weight babies with additional risk factors. The pedaudiological control investigations of the babies with a negative bilateral cochlear response delivered in the risk group 15 cases (2.4%) with an important hearing impairment and in the healthy neonates 2 cases (0.25%) respectively. Prevalence and importance of perinatal hearing impairment explains the necessity of detection in the neonatal period.

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Acute subdural hematoma is a rare but severe intracranial complication of obstetric trauma. The early recognition of this complication and immediate surgical intervention could possibly prevent later neurologic sequelae.