Introduction. One of the most important tasks of Medicine at present is to determine the level of physical health of a person, based on an assessment of physical development. Given the urgency of the problem, we conduct a comprehensive hygienic study, the purpose of which was to assess the physical development, as well as the conditions and lifestyle of university students, with the subsequent development of a system of measures aimed at maintaining and strengthening the health of students. Material and methods. The study included 1,820 students from 4 universities of the Ufa city, Republic of Bashkortostan. At the first stage, there was performed an assessment of students’ physical development using certified devices. In the second stage of the research, an anonymous questionnaire was organized, aimed at studying the living conditions and lifestyle of the students. In the third stage, a conceptual model was developed for determining health risk groups depending on the physical development, conditions, and lifestyle of students using neural network technologies, as well as a system of measures aimed at preserving and strengthening the health of students. Results. While assessing the physical development of students, it turned out that only in 74.7% of students the body mass index is within the normal range. One in seven students has an insufficient body weight (15.1%), and one out of ten students is overweight (10.2%). The average dynamometry (grip strength) among young women is 25.6 ± 0.6 kg, among young men - 45.5 ± 0.8 kg. The ranking using percentiles showed that the range of grip strength indices from Р25 to Р75 among young women is 22.0-28.5 kg, among young men - 40.0-52.0 kg. The balance of sympathetic and parasympathetic influences (according to Kerdo index) is typical for 58.6% of students, one out of four students is prone to sympathicotonia (28.4%). The main “time absorber” for modern student youth has been determined: the average time spent on social networks during weekdays was 4.8 ± 0.24 hours. A significant deficit of night sleep among students has been identified. The average duration of students’ night sleep on weekdays was only 6.4 ± 0.27 hours. Only one-sixth students went in for sports (17.5%). Nutrition has changed for the worse after entering a university in 42.8% of respondents. Based on the study, standards for the physical development of Bashkortostan Republic students were developed and approved by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Using the developed conceptual model for identifying risk groups for student health based on neural network tools, in 14.9% of students sympathicotonia were determined to be considered to be at high risk for health. The system of measures aimed at optimizing the learning environment and formation of positive hygienic behavior of students has been justified, developed and implemented. Conclusion. Negative changes in the physical development of young people were identified: a tendency toward asthenization in young people, the decrease (over the years of the study at a University) in the number of students with a body mass index within normal limits, and decrease in strength indices (compared to generations of students from the early 2000s). The results obtained indicate to the need for work aimed at maintaining and strengthening the health of students.

Introduction. The health of the younger generation determines the intellectual potential and prospects for the socio-economic development of Russia [1]. Taking into account the urgency of the problem, we carried out a hygienic study, the purpose of which was to assess the lifestyle of university students with the subsequent development and registration the software that assesses a health risk group. Materials and methods. The study of the way of life was carried out among university students in Ufa (1820 people). Based on data obtained, Software for assessing the conditions and lifestyle of university students was developed and registered. The assessment of the lifestyle of students at the University of Sheffield was carried out through an anonymous survey (116 people). Results. The hygienic analysis of the lifestyle of students revealed a number of unfavourable features: prolonged stay in social networks (on average 4.8 ± 0.2 hours on weekdays), non-observance of the required duration of night sleep (6.4 ± 0.3 hours), significant coverage of tobacco smoking (21.2% of boys and 9.1% of girls), etc. A comparative analysis of the lifestyle of students of the Russian Federation (Ufa) and Great Britain (Sheffield) was carried out, a number of advantages of the Russian educational system in relation to the health preservation of young people (arrangement of physical activity, provision of dormitories with minimal living costs, etc.), and some limitations. To assess the risk group for the health of students, depending on the lifestyle, software has been developed and registered. Limitations. The study was conducted on the basis of four different universities in Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan (12 universities and branches in total), which provided a representative sample of the volume. The subject of further research will be the study of the conditions of education in other universities in Ufa. Conclusion. The lifestyle and the system of value orientations of students in relation to their own health are irrational in a number of indicators, which indicates the need to carry out preventive work within educational institutions aimed at preserving and strengthening the health of students.

Health of the younger generation determines the prospects of social and economic development of Russia. So, concern for healthcare of the youth is displayed in fundamental state documents (including the ‘Fundamentals of the state youth policy of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2025’) [1]. In accordance with its relevance, we conducted research aimed at examination of physical development of 1,820 students of the first and fourth years from four Universities of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Based on the past experience, standards of physical development for students from the Republic of Bashkortostan were developed and registered. A retrospective analysis was done comparing data related to modern students from the Republic of Bashkortostan and the ones related to the standard of physical development of students from the Republic of Bashkortostan obtained 25 years ago. The results reveal a tendency (during the last quarter of a century) to asthenization of modern youth from the Republic of Bashkortostan. The functional reserves of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems of students were assessed using the circulatory and respiratory Skibinski’s index. It is established that in students, the mean Skibinski’s index was 24.8 ± 0.3, which corresponds to the ‘satisfactory’ range only. The program called ‘Software to assess physical development and adaptation capabilities of the body’ was developed and registered at the Federal Institute of Industrial Property aimed at determination of a risk group of diseases among students depending on their physical development, functional condition and adaptive capabilities of the body.

The aim of the paper is to study the role of the hygienic education and upbringing in the system of preserving and strengthening the health of the university students. Material and methods. A multi-stage research included a survey of one thousand eight hundred twenty students of the 4 leading universities of Ufa, the Republic of Bashkortostan, an implementation of a prototype educational program “Shaping health of the students” in the curriculum of 2nd–4th years of Bashkir State Pedagogical University named after M. Akmullah (Ufa), a group of 114 students was assembled, and a hygienic assessment of the implementation was carried out using neural network technology. Results. In the ranking row, the value of health among undergraduates has increased (from 36.5% to 39.8%). In the experimental group, the number of students attending the sports section increased by 1.7 times; there was a decrease in the average time spent on social networks on weekdays by 1.2 hours (to 3.58±0.31 hours per day); the number of smokers during the repeated study decreased by 5.3%; the number of students from the high-risk group decreased by 4.3% (with p<0.05); the number of smokers during the repeated study decreased by 5.3%,; the indicators of rationalization of nutrition improved (an increase in the average calcium content in the daily diet by 38.9% in girls (up to 778 ± 54.2 mg) and by 46.5% in boys (up to 794.8 ± 64.7 mg). Limitations. The representativeness of the sample size was ensured by the participation in the study of students from 4 universities of different profiles in Ufa (a total of 12 universities and branches). The limitation was the age range of the subjects (from 17 to 22 years old), as well as the location of universities in the residential area of the city of Ufa (at a considerable distance from the industrial area of the city). The subject of further research will be the study of the effectiveness of the introduction of hygienic education and upbringing in the system of preserving and strengthening the health of students in other universities of Ufa. Conclusion. Looking for the ways of systemic improvement of the complex process of teaching, advocate for healthy lifestyle to the university students, and inspire them to cultivate positive hygienic habits and patters are of utmost importance.