This study focused on the estimation of black carbon emissions from dry dipterocarp forest fires in Thailand. Field experiments were set up at the natural forest, Mae Nam Phachi wildlife sanctuary, Ratchaburi Province, Thailand. The dead leaves were the main component consumed of the surface biomass with coverage higher than 90% in volume and mass. The dead leaves load was 342 ± 190 g·m . The chemical analysis of the dead leaves showed that the carbon content in the experimental biomass fuel was 45.81 ± 0.04%. From the field experiments, it was found that 88.38 ± 2.02% of the carbon input was converted to carbon released to the atmosphere, while less than 10% were left in the form of residues, and returned to soil. The quantity of dead leaves consumed to produce each gram of carbon released was 2.40 ± 0.02 g dry biomass burned . From the study, the emissions factor of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) and black carbon amounted 1329, 90, 26.19 and 2.83 g·kg −1 dry biomass burned , respectively. In Thailand, the amount of black carbon emissions from dry dipterocarp forest fires amounted 17.43 tonnes·y −1 .

In Thailand, well recognized as one of the first-rank exporters of agricultural and food products, agricultural residue has been used as an energy source, especially in rural areas. In order to characterize the chemical properties of major agricultural residues to be used as fuel, an analytical protocol was developed. In this article, details of the analytical protocol are first described and preliminary results are then presented and discussed. Results of this study could serve to establish a database of Thai biomass fuels or feedstock that would support decision making in terms of energy conversion technology selection and operating conditions setting.