Integrating MANETs (Mobile Ad-hoc Networks) nodes to the Internet require either a connection to the Internet or they can connect to the Internet through the Internet gateways. For the second case if a node in a MANET has discover the gateway to connect to the fixed hosts in the Internet and it can be done either by broadcasting a gateway discovery request message initiated by nodes itself or by broadcasting periodic gateway advertisement messages from the gateways. End to end packet delay and throughput are strongly dependent on the time needed to discover the gateways.Nodes in a MANET use number of hops as metric to select a path to a gateway, if all the nodes select its nearest gateway to access the Internet then there may be situations when the network performance degrades because some nodes along the path have too many packets waiting in the queue.This paper presents a novel solution to access internet through mobile nodes in ad hoc network. Here the gateway replies with an advertisement message which is broadcasted to the whole network instead of sending a unicast reply to the requesting node. The traffic load taken into account along a path in addition with minimum hop count to select an efficient gateway. The AODV routing protocol has been used for routing in the MANET domain.A new strategy of gateway discovery was investigated and impact of new metric on the gateway selection in NS-2 was observed. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme outperforms over the existing scheme with high throughput and lower end to end delay.

Mobile Ad-hoc networks (MANETs) are formed by the association of the mobile devices, usually capable of multihop communication among themselves even if there is no networking infrastructure and central administration to control its operation. Need for the ubiquitous computing lead to connect the MANETs to the fixed IP Network i.e. internet. To connect the MANET to the internet first it might discover internet gateway through which it can communicate. The discovered gateway may be the mobile node within the MANET or it may be any fixed external node outside the MANET. The gateway works as the default router for all the nodes of the MANET through which all the incoming/outgoing packets are routed between the MANET and the internet. Discovery of the efficient internet gateway is very challenging task. Although So many solutions are proposed and implemented by the different authors/researchers but still no unique and robust solution is discovered so far, therefore a deep investigation and evaluation of the existing proposal is required to investigate the robust & flexible solution. This paper discusses the fundamentals of MANET-INTERNET integration and address systematic evaluation of the current proposals with issues & challenges remains unresolved. The aim of this paper is to build the strong foundation to discover an efficient, robust and flexible internet access solution that has not been discovered so far. This review paper concludes with further points of investigation

| EFFICIENT MANET-INTERNET INTEGRATION FOR MOBILE DEVICES Maheshyogi26@gmail.com,udaishankar.royal18@gmail.com,ajay_diht@yahoo.co .in ABSTRACTA mobile ad hoc network (MANET) consists of wireless mobile nodes without having a fixed infrastructure support. The communication between these mobile nodes is carried out without any centralized control. The communication among the nodes within the infrastructure less networks is done through Ad-Hoc routing protocols, But whenever any mobile node want to communicate to a node in a network that is outside the ad hoc network such as internet, there should be an appropriate mechanism for establishing this connection with the internet node or host. Gateway discovery is a fundamental process in connecting MANET with the internet. A mobile node can connect to the internet by discovery of some specialized nodes called as gateway nodes. These Gateway nodes act as a bridge between the mobile ad hoc networks node and the internet. The basic aim of the gateway discovery approach is to modify the route discovery process so that it is not only used for discovery of destination mobile nodes but also the gateways. In this paper we are going to present a review of various gateway discovery approaches which are used for establishing the interconnection of mobile ad hoc networks and internet and going to propose a algorithm that reduce the discovery time of the gateway by selective forwarding and simultaneously also optimize the gateway discovery control overheads. Keywords

IEEE 802.16 based wireless mesh networks (WMNs) are a promising broadband access solution to support flexibility, cost effectiveness and fast deployment of the fourth generation infrastructure based wireless networks. Reducing the time for channel establishment is critical for low latency/interactive Applications. According to IEEE 802.16 MAC protocol, there are three scheduling algorithms for assigning TDMA slots to each network node: centralized and distributed the distributed is further divided into two operational modes coordinated distributed and uncoordinated distributed. In coordinated distributed scheduling algorithm, network nodes have to transmit scheduling message in order to inform other nodes about their transfer schedule. In this paper a new approach is proposed to improve coordinated distributed scheduling efficiency in IEEE 802.16 mesh mode, with respect to three parameter Throughput, Average end to end delay and Normalized Overhead. For evaluating the proposed networks efficiency, several extensive simulations are performed in various network configurations and the most important system parameters which affect the network performance are analyzed