Drug-induced neuropsychiatric effects are important for disease management. We aim to evaluate the neuropsychiatric effects of montelukast–levocetirizine combination therapy in children. This descriptive study was conducted with children aged 2–5 years, diagnosed with asthma and allergic rhinitis, who began to receive montelukast and levocetirizine combination therapy. The respiratory and asthma control test for children (TRACK), Rhino Conjunctivitis Scoring System (RCSS), and common neuropsychiatric effects (irritable behavior, hallucinations, headaches, nightmares, sleep disorders, behavioral and mood disorder, restlessness, depression) were ascertained by the questionnaire applied before and 4 weeks after the treatment. Parents answered on behalf of their children. The most common finding before and after treatment was irritable behavior. While irritable behavior was observed in 82.4% (n = 56) of children before the treatment, this percentage was 63.2% (n = 43) after the treatment (p = 0.004). The percentage of children who developed at least one neuropsychiatric symptom after treatment was 22.1% (n = 15). There was no significant effect of age, gender, RCSS, TRACK, or allergy test positivity on the development of neuropsychiatric symptoms (p > 0.05). According to the results, at least one neuropsychiatric finding developed in approximately one in five children. Identifying risk factors will enable more careful treatment or consideration of alternative treatments for children at higher risk in the clinical follow-up period.

Introduction: Intoxication's are the preventable cause of mortality and morbidity. While most pediatric cases are asymptomatic at presentation, some patients might present with life-threatening symptoms. Patients with life-threatening symptoms need close follow-up in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). In this study we aim to retrospectively evaluate the demographic, epidemiologic, clinical features, and prognosis of the patients that are followed up in PICU when the social restrictions were on and to investigate the effect of these restrictions on patients with intoxication. Materials and Methods: Patients that are followed up with intoxication between August 2020 and December 2021 when the social restrictions were on due to COVID-19 in

Objective: In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the clinical features and laboratory parameters of the patients followed in the Pediatric Allergy and Immunology outpatient clinic with the diagnosis of antibody deficiency retrospectively. Material and Methods: Between May 01, 2021 and May 01, 2022, 277 patients followed up in the Pediatric Allergy and Immunology outpatient clinic with the diagnosis of antibody deficiency were included in the study. The medical records of the patients were reviewed; their clinical characteristics, use of intravenous immunoglobulin therapy, frequency of use of antibiotics, and laboratory parameters were evaluated within the scope of the study. Results: Two hundred and seventy-seven patients diagnosed with antibody deficiency were included in our study. About 33.9% (n=94) were female, 66.1% (n=183) were male, and the median age was 21.0 months (1-200 months). Recurrent infections were observed in 39.7% (n=110) of the patients, asthma in 17.0% (n=47), food allergy in 14.1% (n=39), allergic rhinitis in 13.7% (n=38), atopic dermatitis in 12.6% (n=35), and urticaria in 2.9% (n=8). As expected, patients receiving intravenous immunoglobulin therapy had significantly lower baseline serum IgG values (p=0.038). Conclusion:The diagnosis of primary immunodeficiency should be considered in children with frequent infections and atopic clinical findings. These patients should be evaluated with appropriate anamnesis and laboratory tests. Early diagnosis and initiation of appropriate treatment are extremely important in terms of preventing disease-related complications, as in other chronic diseases.

Objective:The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge level of resident physicians working in the department of pediatrics about anaphylaxis and the effect of anaphylaxis training on their knowledge levels. Material and Methods:In our descriptive study; resident physicians working in the pediatrics department of a tertiary hospital in Istanbul were included in the study. Informative face-to-face training on anaphylaxis was given to physicians. Before and after the training, a questionnaire evaluating the knowledge of anaphylaxis was applied to the physicians. Physicians' age, gender, and working time in the profession were also evaluated. Results:The median age of the participants was 29.0 (26.0-42.0). Of the participants, 63.3% (n=19) were female and 36.7% (n=11) were male. All of the physicians stated that they see anaphylaxis cases before and that they had seen the adrenaline drug and that they had the adrenaline drug in the department where they worked. Before the training, the only question answered correctly by all resident physicians was the question that anaphylaxis could be life-threatening. After the training, all physicians correctly answered the signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis and the first-choice drug to be used in the treatment. In addition, after the training, all the physicians mentioned that they had heard about the adrenaline autoinjector. In general, the percentage of correct answers to the questions increased after the training, but statistical significance was not observed (p>0.05). Conclusion:The level of knowledge about anaphylaxis is not high enough among pediatric resident physicians. The increase in the correct answers to the questions, which was repeated after the training, suggests that the training to be given will be beneficial. For this reason, there is a need to organize training programs that will increase the level of knowledge and awareness about anaphylaxis, and to increase the participation of physicians in these programs.

Aim: Due to the rapid development in pediatric critical care medicine, some past studies suggested that pediatric trauma patients have better outcomes such as lower mortality and lower length of hospital stay in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). In this study, we aim to describe the demographic, clinical features, mechanisms of injury, and outcomes of children hospitalized in our pediatric intensive care unit due to trauma. Material and Method: We performed a retrospective evaluation of 60 pediatric trauma patients (between 0 and16 years of age) admitted to the PICU at University of Health Science, Sancaktepe Sehit Prof. Dr. İlhan Varank Training and Research Hospital from August 2020 to February 2022. Results: A total of 60 pediatric trauma patients were followed up in our PICU. The median age of patients was 17 (0-724) months with a preponderance of male cases (n:38, 63.3%). The median duration of hospitalization in PICU was 6 (1-46) days. According to the trauma type, the majority of the injuries were falling from a height (n:37, 61.7%). Conclusion: We would like to draw attention to the fact that head traumas due to falling were so common and also affect mortality. The lactate and the lactate/albumin ratio ​​of patients who developed mortality were significantly higher. Although there are studies on the association of lactate/albumin ratio with mortality in critically ill pediatric patients, we could not find any data on this issue in pediatric trauma patients in the literature. Our study will contribute to the literature on the relationship between lactate/albumin ratio and mortality in pediatric trauma patients. We suggest that the relationship between lactate/albumin ratio and mortality should be investigated in pediatric trauma patients with larger case numbers.