Transportation over long distances resulted in stress at animal. Under these circumstances, animal usually manifest depression and the impact on physiological condition changes and loss of body weight. The objectives of the research were to examine effect supplementation of organic-Cr type into diets in transport-stress beef cattle on physiological condition, haematochemical (included were haematological condition and blood chemical) and body weight changes. The experiment was conducted using 16 beef cattle those were transported by truck for a distance of 400 km from Malangbong to Tangerang. The experiment was arranged by Completely Randomized Design with four treatments and four replications. The dietary treatments consisted of R0 (basal diet without Cr supplemented), R1 (R0+3ppm organic-Cr resulted of alkali hydrolysis), R2 (R0+3 ppm organic-Cr resulted from bioprocess), R3 (R0+3 ppm organic-Cr resulted from bioremediation). The result indicated that type of organic-Cr supplementation at 3 ppm in diet did not influence physiological condition, haematochemical and body weight at beef cattle transported for seven hours. There was indication that beef cattle fed on control diet (without Cr) showed a stress symptom, their loss of body weight were higher (5.41%) compared to beef given diet contains organic-Cr (3.72%, 5.04% and 4.83%, respectively for R1, R2 and R3).

Background and Aim: A local microorganism-based probiotic has been developed as an alternative to using antibiotic growth promoter and its effect on broiler meat quality has been studied, when supplemented with poultry feed at different concentrations. This study aimed to understand the effect of local microorganism-based probiotic sourced from cattle rumen and chicken intestine and added as feed supplement at different concentrations on broiler meat quality. Materials and Methods: The local microorganism-based probiotic made from cattle rumen and chicken intestine contained Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobacterium spp., Streptococcus spp., and Bacillus spp. The experiments followed a completely randomized design. Treatments in the study were: P0, i.e., control (without probiotic), P1 (probiotic administered at 5 ml/kg feed), P2 (probiotic administered at 10 ml/kg feed), and P3 (probiotic administered at 15 ml/kg feed). Each treatment was repeated 5 times. Parameters examined in this study were pH, meat tenderness, fat content, and meat protein content. Results: Based on a total of 200 chickens, the percentage of meat protein content in treatments P1, P2, and P3 showed an increase of 19.34%, 19.42%, and 19.64%, respectively, when compared with P0 that showed a protein content increase of 19.14%. The fat content of meat for P1, P2, and P3 was 21.54%, 21.46%, and 21.30%, respectively, which was less than the value for P0 (21.69%). The treatments did not significantly affect pH or meat tenderness when compared with the control. The usage of this novel probiotic as a feed supplement resulted in an increase in meat protein content and a decrease in fat content. Conclusion: This study indicates that using the local microorganism-based probiotic sourced from cattle rumen and chicken intestine to supplement poultry feed did not have a significantly different effect (p>0.05) on meat pH; however, it had a significantly different (p<0.05) on protein and fat content of broiler meat.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of papaya seed meal on the quality of quail eggs and to determine the best dose of quail egg quality. Using an experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD), with 4 treatments and 6 replications, each replication consisted of 7 quails. The treatments were P0 (control feed), P1 (0.3% papaya seed meal in feed), P2 (0.6% papaya seed meal in feed) and P3 (1.2% papaya seed meal in feed). The parameters observed were egg white index, egg yolk index, egg yolk color, shell thickness, and egg cholesterol. The data was analysed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The results showed that the addition of papaya seed meal in the feed had not a significant effect (p<0,05) on egg white index, on egg yolk index and shell thickness, but decreased egg yolk color. However addition papaya seed meal had significant effect (p<0,05) reduces egg yolk cholesterol. In conclusion, addition of papaya seed meal (Carica papaya L.) up to 1.2% reduce egg yolk cholesterol without effected the quality of quail eggs.

The development of livestock sub-sector is one of the strategic choices in supporting the national economy. Technological innovation plays a very big role in efforts to increase productivity and food production, especially livestock. Livestock groups are a good way to apply innovation to breeders. Institutional livestock is expected to be a means to increase technology adoption. This study aims to analyze the factors that affect the adoption of technology in dairy goat breeders. This research was conducted in Lembah Meru, Jember in August-September 2016, using descriptive method of case study. The results showed that internal factors such as age, educational level, farming experience, number of family members, livelihood, income level, motivation, and number of livestock ownership have no significant effect on technology adoption rate. Factors of age, education level, number of family members, and type of livelihood have a positive value on the rate of technology adoption. The capability of breeders in managing innovation shows high yields such as: (1) adaptability with innovation; (2) the ability to refine innovation; (3) the ability of commitment to innovation; (4) the ability to implement innovation; And (5) the ability to manage the available resources.

This study aims to find out the distribution and marketing margins of duck eggs in Situbondo. The methods used to collect data were survey and interviews suported by questionnaires. The analisys of  short and long distribution channels showed were 2.84% and 1.16% respectively. The short distribution channel was more efficient than long distributin channel, so that it provided greater benefits for marketing of duck eggs in Situbondo.