Orofacial granulomatosis comprises a group of diseases characterized by noncaseating granulomatous inflammation affecting the soft tissues of the oral and maxillofacial region. The most common clinical presentation is persistent swelling of one or both lips. It is important to establish the diagnosis accurately because this condition is sometimes a manifestation of Crohn's disease or sarcoidosis. This article describes a case of orofacial granulomatosis.

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Purpose: Recently, human amniotic membrane (AM) has been reported to have regenerative potential that facilitate repair in the field of oral and periodontal surgeries. Methods: Eighteen subjects with bilateral Miller's class I gingival recession defects were selected. Subjects were allocated randomly to treatment with coronally positioned flap + amnion allograft (test group) and coronally positioned flap alone (control group). The clinical parameters used in this study were width of attached gingiva (AG), clinical attachment level (CAL), pocket depth (PD), width of keratinized gingiva (WKG), length of gingival recession (RL), width of gingival recession (RW). Results: The mean width of attached gingiva at the control sites (A) was found to be 1.33 ± 0.50 mm (range 1.00–2.00), 2.00 ± 0.71 mm (range 2.00–3.00) and 2.22 ± 0.67 mm (range 2.00–3.00) on day 0, 90 and 180, respectively. Thus, it was increased by 0.67 mm and 0.89 mm on day 90 and 180 compared to that of the baseline, which are 50% and 67%, respectively. Conclusions: It can be concluded that combined coronally advanced flap and amniotic membrane have additional advantage in the outcome of periodontal therapy in the management of gingival recession.

Since times immemorial, mosquito borne diseases have proved to be a great menace to the human population. Their severe clinical manifestations and high mortality contribute to their deadly status. Japanese encephalitis (JE), is one such mosquito borne viral disease mainly prevalent in Southeast Asia including India, particularly in the state of Assam. It mainly affects the central nervous system, resulting in various neurological and locomotor disorders and change in mental status. Seizures are also observed, although they are more common in children. JE is caused by a virus of the Flaviviridae family, transmitted by a Culicine mosquito, Culex tritaeniorynchus. Pigs are considered to be the amplifier hosts. Throughout the years, JE has become endemic in many districts of Assam affecting many lives in the outbreaks that occur each year, more particularly in the rural and agricultural areas. Assam’s climactic conditions, agricultural habits and patterns, and the lifestyle of its population play a major role in the epidemiology of the disease. With the establishment of JE surveillance and vaccination programmes by the government, the JE incidence rate has decreased. However, outbreaks of JE still continue to occur, often with serious complications and a high mortality. This concise review article gives a short summarization of Japanese encephalitis along with its history, epidemiology, vector and host biology, pathology, clinical observations and immunoprophylaxis with respect to the state of Assam, India.