Prevalence, population dynamics and pathological effects of intestinal helminths in Black Bengal goats were studied by examining 150 viscera collecting from different slaughter houses of Mymensingh district from the period of November 2005 to May 2006 in the Department of Parasitology and Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, of which 94.67% goats were infected with one or more species of helminths. A total of 5 species of helminth parasites were identified such as Oesophagostomum columbianum (92%), Trchuris ovis (56.66%), Schistosoma indicum (38%), Moniezia expansa (10.66%) and Moniezia benedeni (2.66%). Single infection was observed in case of O. columbianum (16%) and S. indicum (2.66%). Single sex infection was established by S. indicum male (5.33%). Overall mean parasitic burden was 34.02±2.20. Mean parasitic burden was the highest in case of O. columbianum (29.91±2.00) followed by that of T. ovis (5.70±0.47), S. indicum (4.66±0.42), M. expansa (2.59±0.54) and M. benedeni (1.00±00). Prevalence of intestinal helminth was significantly (P<0.05) higher in winter (100%) than that in summer (89.33%). Calculated odds ratio in between winter and summer was 18, which indicated that Black Bengal goats were 18 times more susceptible to helminth infection in winter. Parasitic burden was also higher in winter (41.53±3.15) than that in summer (25.52±2.57) season. Pathological lesions were observed in case of O. columbianum, T. ovis and S. indicum infection. In O. columbianum infection, hard, raised, slightly yellowish to greenish colored nodules measuring 0.25×0.50 cm were observed. Microscopically, it was characterized by catarrhal inflammation associated with destruction and desquamation of epithelial cells. Affected tissues were infiltrated chiefly with lymphocytes, macrophages, a few eosinophils and occasionally with plasma cells and neutrophils. Caseation and fibrous tissue proliferation were also noticed. But moderate infection with T. ovis was characterized by catarrhal inflammation along with the petechial haemorrhages on the intestinal mucosa where parasites were firmly attached. Histopathologically, it was characterized by destruction of lining epithelium of villi of caecum and colon along with the cellular infiltration predominantly with lymphocytes, few eosinophils and occasionally by macrophages. Lymph nodes of the lamina propria were enlarged. In case of S. indicum infection, haemorrhages were observed particularly on the rectal mucosa. Numerous eggs were found in the mucosal scraping from intestinal surface. Microscopically, lamina propria was thick and inflammed. Granulomatous response was observed which was characterized by the infiltration of epitheloid cells and proliferation of fibroblasts. The present study clearly suggests that Black Bengal goats are susceptible to intestinal helminths in both winter and summer seasons and most of the parasites recovered were associated with the production of variable degree of pathological lesions. That is why proper attempts should be ...

To study molluscicidal effects of some indigenous plants such as Dhol Kalmi (Ipomoea fistulosa), Lantana (Lantana camara), Rakta-karabi (Nerium indicum), Polash (Butea frondosa), Mohavringoraj (Wedelia calandulacea), Nishinda (Vitex negundo), Bishkatali (Polygonum hydropiper), Kalmi, (Ipomoea aquatica), Haicha ( Alternanthera sessilis) and Shaora (Streblus asper) were used as dusts, aquatic, ethanol and methanol extracts against Lymnaea auricularia, Lymnaea luteola and Indoplanorbis exustus to give in vitro trial from January 2006 to December 2006 in the Department of Parasitology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. All the plants in all preparations were more or less effective against the treated snails. In this study, LD 50 , Min.C s100 and mortality percentage of fish (Gutum, Letidocephalus guntea, Family: Cobitidae) were determined using dust of the selected plants. LD 50 was minimum in case of Haicha (14.3mg/L) followed by rakta-karabi (29.25mg/L), bishkatali (46.88mg/L), kalmi (154.69mg/L), lantana (234 mg/L) etc. Min.C s100 was minimum in case of rakta-karabi (0.008%) followed by haicha (0.03%), lantana (0.06%), dholkalmi (0.25%) and kalmi (0.25%). Among the plants, lantana, haicha and kalmi had no lethal effect on fish at Min.C s100 . Shaora also had no toxic effect on fish but its both LD 50 (453.13mg/L) and Min.C s100 (1%) were very high. Present study suggests that dust of haicha, lantana and kalmi may be used @ 0.03%, 0.06% and 0.25% respectively to control snails in field level.