The effect of dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (DTAB) cationic surfactant on Remazol Blue reactive dye bioremoval properties of a growing Aspergillus versicolor strain in a molasses medium was investigated in a batch system as a function of pH, dye and surfactant concentrations. To determine the optimal pH value in the presence of 0.5 mM DTAB pH 3 to 7 was examined and pH 6 was selected. The dye concentrations of 50, 100, 200, 400 and 800 mg/L were examined with 0.5 mM DTAB and maximum decolorization occurred in 100 mg/L dye (98.8 %). The surfactant concentration of 0.1, 0.5, 1 and 2 mM DTAB was performed in 100 and 800 mg/L dye. The effect of surfactant concentration (0.1 to 2 mM DTAB) in a fungal growth experiment has shown that DTAB inhibited fungal growth. The decolorization was increased from 53.6 % (dry weight: 1.31 g/L) to 100 % (dry weight:0.93 g/L) while the surfactant concentrations were increased from 0.1 to 1 mM. A. versicolor (dry weight: 0.93 g/L) showed its maximum dye removal activity, namely 100 % in 100 mg/L dye with 1 mM DTAB at pH 6 in 3 days. The use of surfactants in biological wastewater treatment process will save energy and lower energy costs (such as the required energy for treat techniques) by shortening the incubation period. The results showed that the A. versicolor strain, which produces laccase enzyme, can effectively decolorize reactive dyes by the enhancement of DTAB. Surfactant enhanced decolorization technology is one of the feasible approaches to remove textile dye from wastewater.

Cancer is a progressive disease that is frequently encountered worldwide. The incidence of cancer is increasing with the changing living conditions around the world. The side-effect profile of existing drugs and the resistance developing in long-term use increase the need for novel drugs. In addition, cancer patients are not resistant to bacterial and fungal infections due to the suppression of the immune system during the treatment. Rather than adding a new antibacterial or antifungal drug to the current treatment plan, the fact that the drug with anticancer activity has these effects (antibacterial and antifungal) will increase the patient's quality of life. For this purpose, in this study, a series of 10 new naphthalenechalcone derivatives were synthesized and their anticancer-antibacterial-antifungal properties were investigated. Among the compounds, compound 2j showed activity against the A549 cell line with an IC 50 = 7.835 ± 0.598 μM. This compound also has antibacterial and antifungal activity. The apoptotic potential of the compound was measured by flow cytometry and showed apoptotic activity of 14.230%. The compound also showed 58.870% mitochondrial membrane potential. Compound 2j inhibited VEGFR-2 enzyme with IC 50 = 0.098 ± 0.005 μM. Molecular docking studies of the compounds were carried out by in silico methods against VEGFR-2 and caspase-3 enzymes.

In this study, some new compounds, which are 2aminothiadiazole derivatives linked by a phenyl bridge to the 2position of the benzimidazole ring, were designed and synthesized as antimicrobial agents. The structures of the compounds were elucidated by 1 H and 13 C NMR spectroscopy, high-resolution mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. The antifungal activities of the synthesized compounds were tested on Candida albicans, Candida krusei, Candida glabrata, and Candida parapsilosis. Compound 5f is more active against C. albicans and C. glabrata than standard fluconazole and varicanazole. Compounds were also evaluated for their counteracting activity against Gram-positive Escherichia coli, Serratia marcescens, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Gram-negative Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus. Compounds 5c and 5h had minimum inhibitory concentrations against E. faecalis close to that of the standard azithromycin. Molecular docking studies were performed against Candida species' 14-α demethylase enzyme. 5f was the most active compound against Candida species, which gave the highest docking interaction energy. The stabilities of compounds 5c and 5f with CYP51 were tested using 100 ns molecular dynamics simulations. According to the theoretical ADME calculations, the profiles of the compounds are suitable in terms of limiting rules. HOMO−LUMO analysis showed that 5h is chemically more reactive (represented with the lower ΔE = 3.432 eV) than the other molecules, which is compatible with the highest antibacterial activity result.

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