In this paper, a reduced basis approximation-based model order reduction for fast and reliable frequency sweep in the time-harmonic Maxwell's equations is detailed. Contrary to what one may expect by observing the frequency response of different microwave circuits, the electromagnetic field within these devices does not drastically vary as frequency changes in a band of interest. Thus, instead of using computationally inefficient, large dimension, numerical approximations such as finite element or boundary element methods for each frequency in the band, the point in here is to approximate the dynamics of the electromagnetic field itself as frequency changes. A much lower dimension, reduced basis approximation sorts this problem out. Not only rapid frequency evaluation of the reduced order model is carried out within this approach, but also special emphasis is placed on a fast determination of the error measure for each frequency in the band of interest. This certifies the accurate response of the reduced order model. The same scheme allows us, in an offline stage, to adaptively select the basis functions in the reduced basis approximation and automatically select the model order reduction process whenever a preestablished accuracy is required throughout the band of interest. Finally, real-life applications will illustrate the capabilities of this approach.
In this paper we investigate numerically the model for pedestrian traffic proposed in [B. Andreianov, C. Donadello, M.D. Rosini, Crowd dynamics and conservation laws with nonlocal constraints and capacity drop, Mathematical Models and Methods in Applied Sciences 24 (13) (2014) 2685-2722] . We prove the convergence of a scheme based on a constraint finite volume method and validate it with an explicit solution obtained in the above reference. We then perform ad hoc simulations to qualitatively validate the model under consideration by proving its ability to reproduce typical phenomena at the bottlenecks, such as Faster Is Slower effect and the Braess' paradox.
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