In supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) compressed gases in the region of their critical temperature are used as mobile phases. SFC has important advantages over gas chromatography (GC) for the separation of low-volatile or thermally unstable substances. Like high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gel chromatography, it is used for various special applications and preparative separations, e. g. in the petroleum industry and in the separation of oligomers. SFC is of great interest in fundamental research on fluid extraction and for the determination of the physicochemical properties of fluid systems. In this contribution the most important physicochemical, methodological, and instrumental principles of SFC are summarized; characteristic physicochemical applications are the determination of capacity ratios, partition coefficients, partial molar volumes, interaction second virial coefficients, and diffusion coefficients.
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I1(RSN=O) intermediates, and the subsequent trapping of the NO radical:Paramagnetic species can also be produced from reaction of NO with ferrous iron containing ligands. Results from the ICP optical emission spectroscopy indicated that the thiols in question are almost void of iron impurity ( < 2 ppm). It, was reported3 that thionitrites, in the presence of secondary amines, produce N-nitrosamines. A detailed knowledge of the mechanism of the reaction of nitroso compounds with thiols is pertinent, since it may involve the formation as well as the inhibition of the carcinogenic N-nitrosamines.
Professor Ernst Ulrich Franck zurn 60. Geburtstag gewidmetIn der Fluidchromatographie (,,Supercritical Fluid Chromatography", SFC) werden hochverdichtete Case im kritischen Temperaturbereich als mobile Phasen verwendet. Diese Methode bietet bei der analytischen oder praparativen Trennung besonders schwerfliichtiger oder thermisch instabiler Substanzen bedeutende Vorteile gegeniiber der Gaschromatographie. Mit der HPLC und der Gelchromatographie konkurriert sie bei einigen speziellen Anwendungen und praparativen Trennungen, z. B. in der Erdolindustrie und bei Oligomerentrennungen. Sie ist von grol3em Interesse fur die Grundlagenuntersuchungen zur Fluidextraktion und bei der Bestimmung physikalisch-chemischer GroBen von Fluidsystemen. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden die wichtigsten physikalisch-chemischen, methodischen und apparativen Grundlagen der SFC zusarnmenfassend diskutiert; charakteristische physikalisch-chemische Anwendungsbeispiele sind die Bestimmung von Kapazitatsverhaltnissen, Verteilungsquotienten, partiellen Molvolumina, gemischten Virialkoeffizienten sowie von Diffusionskoeffizienten.
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