The article is about to the calculation of the main technical parameters of the directional air-hydraulic hood. It is accepted as a mathematical model of wave equations of hyperbolic type as applied to pressure pipelines of pumping stations, and analytical solutions of wave equations for different values of the polytropic exponents are proposed. Water hammer poses a danger to the normal operation of the main equipment of stations, control and measuring equipment, control devices and pressure pipelines. To damp the intensity of water hammer in the pressure pipelines of pumping stations, we have accepted an effective design of an air-hydraulic cap. When establishing the strength indicators of pressure pipelines against hydraulic shock, it is necessary to make an accurate calculation of the main parameters of the proposed design of the air - hydraulic cap. The article presents the results of analytical and experimental studies of the accepted cap design. At the same time, an analytical method is proposed for calculating the basic dimensions of the cap. The results of the proposed calculation procedure are in good corresponding with the experimental data. This confirms the reliability of the proposed analytical calculation method.

The article is about calculating the main parameters of air - hydraulic hoods with a diaphragm to reduce the emergency consequences of a water hammer, possible in the pressure pipelines of an irrigation pumping station. Based on the results of numerical studies by the method of finite differences of the proposed hydraulic shock absorber, dependencies were obtained based on a certain air in the absorbers, the total capacity of the cylindrical cap was determined to determine the main dimensions of the absorbers. Based on the results of numerical studies by the method of finite differences of the proposed hydraulic shock absorber, dependencies were obtained based on a certain air in the absorbers, the total capacity of the cylindrical cap was determined to determine the main dimensions of the absorbers. To determine the economic dimensions of the proposed cap design, comparative calculations of numerical experiments with experimental data prove the reliability of the proposed dependencies using the finite difference method.

The article is devoted to the study of the propagation velocity of the rarefaction wave and the compression wave, taking into account the two-phase (water + air) flow in the long pressure pipelines of pumping stations. Hitting speed is the main parameter of water hammer. Water hammer poses a danger to the normal operation of the main equipment of stations, control and measuring equipment, control devices and pressure pipelines. When establishing the strength indicators of pressure pipelines, it is necessary to make an accurate calculation of the shock wave speed, taking into account the dosed amount of not dissolved air in the water. The classical theory of water hammer is based on the gamogenic model and does not take into account air in the liquid. This circumstance leads to a decrease in the accuracy of calculating the velocity of the shock wave and water hammer. The article presents the results of analytical studies of the shock wave velocity, taking into account the two-phase pressure flow. At the same time, an analytical method for calculating the velocity of the shock wave is proposed. The results of the proposed technique are in good agreement with the graphical solutions of this problem and with experimental data.

The article presents the results of theoretical and experimental studies of the effect of hydraulic friction on the maximum increase in pressure during water hammer. To solve the problem of determining hydraulic friction along a pressure pipe, the telegraph equation was adopted as a mathematical model. As a result of solving the adopted equation, dependence is obtained for calculating the energy loss in a non-stationary process. The calculations of the proposed formula are in good agreement with the experimental data of the author. This proves the legitimacy of the obtained dependence of the author and provides an accurate calculation of pipes for strength during impact and resource saving of pipe material

This article presents the problems of guaranteeing high work productivity in the digging or cleaning of ditches and collectors, as well as the implementation of design indicators, as specified in the project, and measures to eliminate them using modern innovative technologies. Ditch and collectors work at the level of demand, improve land reclamation conditions, increase productivity and reduce the volume of additional earthworks, increase economic efficiency to high levels. The results of the conducted scientific research showed that during the construction of the open pit, the volume of earthworks was reduced by 15%, and the carrying capacity of the stream was increased by 25%. As a result, it makes it possible to increase the reliability and maintain the technical condition of using open pits.