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In this study, Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile (Posidoniaceae), which is a widely distributed phanerogam in Aegean and Mediterranean coasts, was investigated for the phenolic compounds that have the potential to be used in pharmaceutical sciences. The leaves, separated as young and mature leaves, were extracted and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromotagraphy (HPLC). The younger leaves were found to have higher concentrations of chicoric acid, p-coumaric acid, vanillin, and ferulic acid, and the amount of gentisic acid, caffeic acid, and cinnamic acid was found to be higher in the mature leaves. Consequently, the plant might be a source of compounds to be investigated for anti-HIV and immunostimulant (caffeic acid, chicoric acid), antitumor (cinnamic acid, ferulic acid), antioxidant, and antibacterial activities.

Artemisia L. taxa (A. absinthium L., A. arborescens L., A. campestris L., A. scoparia Waldst. & Kit., A. santonicum L., and A. vulgaris L.) naturally distributed through western and southwestern Turkey were chosen as experimental materials in this study. Essential oils of the aerial parts of these Artemisia species were isolated by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Th e major components were identifi ed as sabinene in A. absinthium (17.56%), camphor in A. arborescens (33.39%), 1,2-dehydro acenaphthylene in A. campestris and A. scoparia (20.71% and 11.80%, respectively), and α-thujone in A. vulgaris and A. santonicum (56.13% and 39.46%, respectively). Essential oils and methanolic extracts of the plants were tested for antimicrobial activity using the disk-diff usion method against 8 bacteria and 1 fungus. Staphylococcus aureus was the most sensitive bacteria to all of the essential oils. A. santonicum and A. scoparia were the most active plants against Candida albicans, with 35-mm and 40-mm diameter zones, respectively. Antioxidant capacities of the plants were also tested. Th e radical scavenging activity of A. scoparia extract (48.51%) and essential oil (80.08%), the Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity of A. campestris extract (10.76 ± 0.47), and the α-tocopherol equivalent of A. absinthium extract (5.87 ± 0.17) were the highest results.

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