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Two new triterpenoids were isolated from the n-hexane extract of seeds of Nigella sativa Linn. and identified as cycloart-23-methyl-7,20,22-triene-3b, 30-diol (1) and cycloart-3-one-7,22-diene-24-ol (2). In addition, two aliphatic compounds and two known sugars were isolated from alcohol extract, and identified as 4-hydroxy undecyl nonanoate (3), 14,20-dimethyl heptacosanol (4), maltose (5), and sucrose (6). They were characterized on the basis of spectral analysis and by comparing literature data. Extraction and transportation study of sugars were also investigated, which evaluated biological phenomena.

A systematic ion-exchange study has been performed on antimony silicate, which includes its ion-exchange capacity, elution behavior, pH titrations, and distribution coeflicients of common metal ions. The Kd values for alkali metals vary with the pH of the solution and the material is found to be highly selective for Rb(1) at pH values greater than 1. On the basis of distribution studies, the separation of Cd(I1) from Zn(l1) and Mn(I1) has been achieved. Similarly, Mg(I1) has been separated from Ba(II), Ca(II), and Sr(l1) to illustrate its utility. Antimony silicate is very stable both thermally and chemically and possesses reproducible ion-exchange properties; also, the effect of irradiation on the ion-exchange behavior is negligible. A tentative formula of the material has also been proposed based on chemical, infrared, and thermogravimetric analysis studies; The x-ray studies reveal that the exchanger is crystalline with a d-value of 6.09 A.

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