Introduction and Aim: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is presently the commonest and most prevalent disorder of metabolism which, if unmanaged, can lead to macro and micro-vascular disorders as complications. The preventive and therapeutic options for the same have been drastically improved than before and the life expectancy of the affected population has risen, but with the emergence of few other new complications like cognitive impairment and dementia. Insulin Resistance (IR) is a preclinical stage during diabetes and can potentially affect cognition. Cognition is the capability of an individual to process the given information through perception. Cognition is a broad spectrum including different cognitive domains like learning, attention, memory, language, reasoning, decision making, visuospatial skills etc., which forms the basis of intellectual development. Our present aim is to study the relationship between the glycemic profile and cognition status in diabetics.   Materials and Methods:  The study population included a total of 232 subjects with the age of 40-70 years of both genders. They were recruited after obtaining the informed written consent. Fasting blood glucose, Insulin levels, HbA1C were analyzed. The insulin resistance indices such as The HOmeostasis Model of IR (HOMA-IR), QUantitative Insulin-sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI) and HOMA percent beta-cell function (HOMA-beta) were derived. Cognition status was assessed and scored using the Modified Mini Mental Status (3MS) test.   Results: HbA1c score and the 3MS score showed an association where both were negatively correlated. Insulin resistance induces too were negatively correlated with cognitive function.   Conclusion: Thus, our study suggests that unmanaged diabetes mellitus type 2 may affect the cognition. Accordingly, early diagnosis of the condition and its management is crucial to bring down the incidence of cognitive impairment, further dementia, and other neurodegenerative diseases.

No abstract

Background: The infection due to the COVID-19 virus has shown to cause diverse set of manifestations and effects in various people across the world. Pregnancy being a dynamic, physiological condition of the human body, nudges one to question what happens if a pregnant woman is infected with the COVID-19 virus? Hence, the study aims to probe this very question. Aim and Objectives: The aim of this study was to study the effect of COVID-19 virus infection on pregnancy and its outcomes. Materials and Methods: We did a retrospective review of medical records of 28 pregnant ladies who were admitted in the tertiary care hospital, Mysuru between March 2020 and February 2021. All 28 pregnant ladies were tested positive for severe acute coronavirus disease by use of quantitative RTPCR on samples obtained from nose and throat. The procedure was followed according to ICMR guidelines of collection of samples and reporting of COVID-19 infection. The clinical findings, laboratory findings, and the fetal and maternal outcomes of 28 pregnant ladies were obtained from medical record section of the institution. The reports were entered in excel sheet and subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS version 20. Results: One out of 28 showed maternal death during COVID-19 pandemic. There was one case with abortion which was reported. Twenty out of 28 had normal deliveries and three women had LSCS. Neonatal outcomes seem to be within normal limits with no adverse complications as a consequence of COVID-19 maternal infection. Conclusion: It is seen that COVID-19 infection behaves in a similar fashion to general population and that morbid states may trigger adversity in mother rather than the fetus. It is also noted that due to the effect of the chaos caused by the pandemic, documentation of the cases was incomplete. Transfer of cases depending on status of infection to other hospitals hindered the tracking of these cases. Discharge against medical advice was also observed due to panic of being in a hospital during an ongoing pandemic.

Introduction and Aim: Sedentary habits, unhealthy dietary patterns and psychological stress are the major potential problems for the advancements of a various life style disorders like Diabetes mellitus. Yoga is a lifestyle intervention, an effort to keep the condition under control and ameliorate overall quality of life. The idea of this research study among Type II diabetics is to assess the effectiveness of metabolic control with life style intervention (yoga) for 6 months.   Materials and Methods: 200 subjects aged 30–60 years of either gender recently diagnosed with Type II diabetes were randomized into 4 groups and were given 6 months intervention which included supervised regular yoga practice, diet and educational sessions. Weight, BMI, glucose, HbA1c, Insulin and lipid profile were measured before commencement, and after 6 months of the intervention. The statistical methods‘t’ test and ANOVA were applied to assess the “mean and difference” at p value 0.05.   Results: Alterations in the life style of Type II diabetics with the intervention of  yoga, diet and educational sessions showed a significant profitable impact on weight, BMI, fasting glucose,  insulin, HbA1c, and lipid profile.   Conclusion: Short term interventions produced positive modest changes in metabolic control. These lifestyle modifications with the intervention of yoga and diet counselling is effective in the management of  weight loss, glycemic control, plasma  Insulin and lipid profile levels which on longer duration may yield a better effective result along with constant motivation.

No abstract