Sentiment analysis is an automatic way to determine that whether opinions of people about a subject are favorable or unfavorable. One of the most important sub tasks in sentiment analysis is to determine the sequence of words affected by negation. Most of the existing sentiment analysis systems used traditional methods based on static window and punctuation marks to determine the scope of negation. However, these methods do not offer satisfactory performance due to variability in the negation scope, inability to deal with linguistic features and improper word sense disambiguation. In this paper, we investigate the problem of identifying the scope of negation while determining the polarity of a sentence. We propose a negation handling method based on linguistic features which determine the effect of different types of negation. Experiment results show that the proposed method improves the accuracy of both negation scope identification and overall sentiment analysis.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide empirical evidence that Sukuk are different from conventional bonds from risk perspective. This study is about the comparative risk analysis of Sukuk and conventional bonds in Pakistan. Design/methodology/approach Sample consists of 15 Sukuk and 30 Term Finance Certificates issued in Pakistan. Value at risk is deployed by using delta normal approach to calculate risk. Two portfolios are formed separately with equal investment of ₹3m to explore the maximum loss an investor would have in portfolio of Sukuk and conventional bonds separately. Findings Results revealed that Sukuk are less risky and more stable instrument as compared to conventional bonds. Risk and stability of Sukuk are explained with diversification theory and liquidity perspective. It is found that correlation among most of Sukuk securities are less or negative, which help in diversifying their risk. However, the attribute of stability can be due to the few days of trading in case of Sukuk comparatively. Originality/value Literature has explored the operational differences between conventional and Islamic bonds on theoretical basis. However, few studies explain their differences empirically especially with respect to risk in case of Pakistan where debt market is developing. Therefore, the originality of this research lies within its comparative investigation of risk for two securities that are different from their operational perspectives.

In the present article, fractional view of third order Kortewege-De Vries equations is presented by a sophisticated analytical technique called Mohand decomposition method. The Caputo fractional derivative operator is used to express fractional derivatives, containing in the targeted problems. Some numerical examples are presented to show the effectiveness of the method for both fractional and integer order problems. From the table, it is investigated that the proposed method has the same rate of convergence as compare to homotopy perturbation transform method. The solution graphs have confirmed the best agreement with the exact solutions of the problems and also revealed that if the sequence of fractional-orders is approaches to integer order, then the fractional order solutions of the problems are converge to an integer order solution. Moreover, the proposed method is straight forward and easy to implement and therefore can be used for other non-linear fractional-order partial differential equations.

In this article, a new analytical technique based on an innovative transformation is used to solve (2+time fractional-order) dimensional physical models. The proposed method is the hybrid methodology of Shehu transformation along with Adomian decomposition method. The series form solution is obtained by using the suggested method which provides the desired rate of convergence. Some numerical examples are solved by using the proposed method. The solutions of the targeted problems are represented by graphs which have confirmed closed contact between the exact and obtained solutions of the problems. Based on the novelty and straightforward implementation of the method, it is considered to be one of the best analytical techniques to solve linear and non-linear fractional partial differential equations.

In this research article, a new analytical technique is implemented to solve system of fractionalorder partial differential equations. The fractional derivatives are carried out with the help of Caputo fractional derivative operator. The direct implementation of Mohand and its inverse transformation provide sufficient easy less and reliability of the proposed method. Decomposition method along with Mohand transformation is proceeded to attain the analytical solution of the targeted problems. The applicability of the suggested method is analyzed through illustrative examples. The solutions graph has the best contact with the graphs of exact solutions in paper. Moreover, the convergence of the present technique is sufficiently fast, so that it can be considered the best technique to solve system of nonlinear fractional-order partial differential equations.INDEX TERMS Mohand transform, Adomian decomposition, analytical solution, fractional-order system of partial differential equations, Caputo derivatives.