Objective: To analyze Chest X-ray findings in COVID 19 positive patients, presented at corona filtration center, Benazir Bhutto Hospital Rawalpindi, based on CXR classification of British Society of Thoracic Imaging (BSTI). Methods: In this study, all RT-PCR COVID-19 positive patients screened at corona filtration center, Benazir Bhutto hospital Rawalpindi from 20th March 2020 to 10th April 2020 were included. Mean age of the cohort with age range was calculated. Presenting complaints & Co-morbid were analyzed and tabulated in frequencies and percentages. Portable CXR findings were classified according to BSTI classification and documented in frequencies and percentages. Results: Mean age of the patients was 44 years. Presenting complaints were cough 20 (67%), fever 18 (60%), shortness of breath 11 (37%), sore throat six (20%), loss of sense of taste and smell four(13%). Main co-morbid was hypertension six (20%). Two (7%) patients had normal and seven (23%) had classical COVID CXRs. 21 (70%) patients were in indeterminate group with only one (3%) having unilateral lung disease. Three (10%) patients had diffuse lung involvement and 18(60%) had peripheral lung involvement. Majority of patients 19 (63%), had bilateral middle and lower zonal involvement. Conclusions: In this study, COVID-19 CXRs generally manifested a spectrum of pure ground glass, mixed ground glass opacities to consolidation in bilateral peripheral middle and lower lung zones. BSTI CXR reporting classification of COVID-19 is valid in our patients with addition of middle zonal involvement in classical COVID-19 criteria as opposed to just lower zone involvement. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.COVID19-S4.2778 How to cite this:Durrani M, Inam-ul-Haq, Kalsoom U, Yousaf A. Chest X-rays findings in COVID 19 patients at a University Teaching Hospital - A descriptive study. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(COVID19-S4):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.COVID19-S4.2778 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

BackgroundEnzyme based remediation of wastewater is emerging as a novel, efficient and environmentally-friendlier approach. However, studies showing detailed mechanisms of enzyme mediated degradation of organic pollutants are not widely published.ResultsThe present report describes a detailed study on the use of Soybean Peroxidase to efficiently degrade Trypan Blue, a diazo dye. In addition to examining various parameters that can affect the dye degradation ability of the enzyme, such as enzyme and H2O2 concentration, reaction pH and temperature, we carried out a detailed mechanistic study of Trypan Blue degradation. HPLC-DAD and LC-MS/MS studies were carried out to confirm dye degradation and analyze the intermediate metabolites and develop a detailed mechanistic dye degradation pathway.ConclusionWe report that Soybean peroxidase causes Trypan Blue degradation via symmetrical azo bond cleavage and subsequent radical-initiated ring opening of the metabolites. Interestingly, our results also show that no high molecular weight polymers were produced during the peroxidase-H2O2 mediated degradation of the phenolic Trypan Blue.

This study revealed involvement of a zinc finger gene ZNF141 in causing autosomal recessive PAP type A, which may open up interesting perspectives into the function of this protein in limb development.

Peroxidases are ubiquitously found in all vascular plants and are promising biocatalysts for oxidization of wide range of aromatic substrates including various industrial dyes. Peroxidases can catalyze degradation of chemical structure of aromatic dyes either by precipitation or by opening the aromatic ring structure. Both soluble and immobilized peroxidases have been successfully used in batches as well as in continuous processes for the treatment of aromatic dyes present in industrial effluents. Plant peroxidases are stable catalysts that retain their activities over a broad range of pH and temperatures. The performance of an enzyme for degradation process depends upon the structure of dyes and the operational parameters like concentration of enzyme, H2O2 and dye, incubation time, pH, and temperature. Recalcitrant dyes can also be mineralized by plant peroxidases in the presence of redox mediators. Thus, plant peroxidases are easily available, inexpensive, and ecofriendly biocatalysts for the treatment of wastewaters containing a wide spectrum of textile and non-textile synthetic dyes. This article reviews the recent developments in isolation and characterization of plant peroxidases and their applications for bioremediation of synthetic dyes.