Introduction:Periodontal infections, including gingivitis and periodontitis, form a major group among the most encountered chronic diseases with infective etiologies. Microorganisms present in gingival sulcus around teeth form microbial biofilm, which is most important cause of periodontal diseases. Biofilm, a three-dimensional (3D) microbial structure with cells enclosed within a self-produced extracellular matrix that may be attached to a substratum comprises the structure of a biofilm. This study aims to detect biofilm in microorganisms isolated from periodontal pockets and establishment of relation between biofilm with tobacco chewing and comorbidies. Material and methods:Total 100 Patients samples were collected using bent swab from periodontal lesions. Samples were processed aerobically and identification of the isolates were done along with simultaneous demonstration of in vitro biofilm formation. Results:Biofilm production was detected by using pre sterilized 96 well polystyrene micro titer plates. 71 samples were shown growth of microorganisms like Streptococcus viridians (36), Klebsiella pneumoniae (21), E. coli (6), Klebsiella oxytoca (4), Acinetobacter baumannii (1), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1), Staphylococcus aureus (1), and Coagulase negative staphylococcus (1).19 isolates of Streptococcus viridians had formed biofilm out of 36 isolates. 16 isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae had formed biofilm out of 21 isolates. 3 isolates of Klebsiella oxytoca had formed biofilm out of total 4 isolates. 2 isolates of E. coli had formed biofilm out of 6 isolates. One isolate, each of Acinetobacter baumannii, CONS and Pseudomonas aeroginosahad formed biofilm. Discussion: Out of 43 positive oral biofilms, 21% were tobacco chewers and out of negative oral biofilm, 15% were tobacco chewers. Among positive oral biofilms, 19% had co morbidities and among negative oral biofilm, 15% had co morbidity. Conclusion:The oral colonization by biofilm producing strains can also increase the risk of their dissemination to various human tissues and organs. Apart from that, biofilms cause resistance to many antimicrobial agents.

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Background: Periodontitis or gum disease is a serious gum disease that damages soft tissue and without treatment can destroy the bone that support the teeth. It is because of consequences of specific or non specific bacterial infections. bacteria Drug resistance is a major concern in treatment of periodontitis also. So this study was planned to isolate, identify aerobic bacteria and to characterize the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of this isolate from periodontal lesions and to analyze host/patient related factors.Methods: Patients coming to dental OPD with signs and symptoms of periodontitis were selected for the study. samples were collected from periodontal lesions using bent swab stick to collect proper sample from periodontal lesion pocket. Samples were processed only for aerobic culture, antibiotic susceptibility test. Data will be entered in Excel sheet and analyzed using SPSS software version 23.Results: Total 71 aerobic isolates were found out of 100 aerobic culture. In E.coli isolates 83% resistance was found for ceftriaxone and ceftazidime. K.oxytoca isolates show 75% resistance to ceftazidime. K.pneumonaie shows 75% resistance to ceftazidime, 50% to amoxiclav, 29% to minocyclin. S.viridans shows 22% resistance to azithromycin, 19% to tetracycline and erythromycin. In present study higher drug resistance was found in K.pneumonaie followed by E.coli, K.oxytoca, and S.viridans. There is significant association between dental hygiene and the culture result (chi-square=20.771, df=8. p<0.01) and no significant association between age and the culture result (chi-square=44.032, df=40, p=0.305).Conclusions: Periodontitis patients shows drug resistant to commonly used antibiotics for the same. Also, there is an association between dental hygiene and culture positivity. So proper dental hygiene can prevent periodontitis.

Background: Periodontal disease, ever since the days of hippocrates has crippled the survival of human dentition. As a quiescent disease most of the time, periodontal disease presents mainly a chronic or asymptomatic chief complaint. In its most common form, periodontal disease generally is considered to be a painless process unless it reaches severe stages. For this reason, it often is overlooked by patients and dentists in early stages, especially when inflammation is not obvious. The aim of this study was to determine the most common chief complaints of chronic periodontitis patients to assess public awareness about this disease symptom, distribution of these chief complaints among males & females and their correlation with age and some of periodontal parameters. Methods: The data of patients include chief complaint of the patients, age-sex, patient’s education level, systemic and oral health status, smoking, tobacco and gutka chewing habits were collected. The examiner also collected information related to the toothbrushing frequency of each patient. Results: Total samples testing in the study were 100 (n=100). Out of which majority samples were female patients. Maximum samples were received from age group of 51-60 years. Major pre-disposing factor is Tobacco and Gutka Chewing. Majority of chief complaint was mobility of teeth. Conclusions: 51 years to 60 years of age group with higher number of females and tobacco chewer have higher incidence of periodontitis with major chief complaint of mobility of teeth. These patients are brushing once in a day.

Periodontal infections, including gingivitis and periodontitis, form a major group among the most encountered chronic diseases with infective etiologies. Microorganisms present in gingival sulcus around teeth form microbial biofilm, which is most important cause of periodontal diseases. Biofilm, a three-dimensional (3D) microbial structure with cells enclosed within a self-produced extracellular matrix that may be attached to a substratum comprises the structure of a biofilm. This study aims to detect biofilm in microorganisms isolated from periodontal pockets and establishment of relation between biofilm with tobacco chewing and comorbidies. Total 100 Patients’ samples were collected using Bent swab from periodontal lesions. Samples were processed aerobically and identification of the isolates are done along with simultaneous demonstration of in vitro biofilm formation. Biofilm production was detected by using pre sterilized 96 well polystyrene micro titre plates. 71 samples were shown growth of microorganisms like Streptococcus viridians (36), Klebsiella pneumoniae (21), E. coli (6), Klebsiella oxytoca (4), Acinetobacter baumannii (1), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1), Staphylococcus aureus (1), Coagulase negative staphylococcus (1). 19 isolates of Streptococcus viridians have formed biofilm out of 36 isolates. 16 isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae have formed biofilm out of 21 isolates. 3 isolates of Klebsiella oxytoca have formed biofilm out of total 4 isolates. 2 isolates of E. coli have formed biofilm out of 6 isolates. One isolate, each of Acinetobacter baumannii, CONS and Pseudomonas aeroginosa have formed biofilm. Out of 43 positive oral biofilms, 21% were tobacco chewers and out of negative oral biofilm, 15% were tobacco chewers. Among positive oral biofilms, 19% had comorbidities and among negative oral biofilm, 15% had comorbidity. The oral colonization by biofilm producing strains can also increase the risk of their dissemination to various human tissues and organs. Apart from that, biofilms cause resistance to many antimicrobial agents.