In short-time-heated mixtures of lactose and N α-acetyllysine 1-[N ε-(N α-acetyllysinyl)]-1,2-dehydro-1,4-dideoxy-3-hexulose (C6-AR) is formed as main product, whereas 3-hydroxy-4-(alkylamino)-3-buten-2-one (C4-AR) can be obtained in high yields from the Maillard reaction of glucose. Because both compounds have aminoreductone structure, their antioxidative (AOA) and prooxidative activities (POA) were determined and compared to those of ascorbic acid (AA). Concentration-dependent AOA was determined by measuring oxidative degradation of carotene induced by a radical starter. POA in the presence of metal ions was tested in three different systems:  oxidation of carotene in emulsion, of N α-acetylhistidine in aqueous solution, and of cis-alkenes in organic solvent. C4-AR possesses in all model systems AOA and POA, respectively, which are very similar to those of AA. C6-AR acts also as antioxidant and prooxidant, but its activity is weaker compared to those of C4-AR and AA. In the carotene assay the substances displayed POA in the presence of several metal ions, such as Cu2+, Mn2+, and Fe3+/EDTA, but the activity with the latter is considerably lower. Keywords: Aminoreductones; Maillard reaction; antioxiative; prooxidative

Insufficient compliance has been identified as a major contributing factor to the low effectiveness of iron-supplementation programmes. An Mention of the names of firms and commercial products does not imply endorsement by the United Nations University. 90% and 94%, respectively, in school 1, 89% and 75% in school 2, and 48% and 50% in

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Effective, sustainable, large-scale micronutrient supplementation programs require broad partnerships with commitments of governmental and nongovernmental organizations, communities, and the private sector. Availability of the supplements and communication materials must be secured well ahead of the supplementation campaign and distribution of the supplement.