The government is like a storm; when it comes we have to deal with it." This is how Prathima summed up her experience of watching her home being bulldozed by state authorities. I met her during my study of home-making practices of people relocated during a massive slum clearance undertaken to prepare Delhi for the Commonwealth Games in 2010 (Dupont 2008). Slum demolition left thousands of people searching for new homes. 1 Sixty percent of the displaced families were eligible for a resettlement plot and yet less than half of these had the resources to take advantage of the offer to relocate. Those thirty percent who did move were of specific interest to me because they represent, as social workers were never tired to point out, the resilient and successful among the poor; those who had the education, the discipline, or simply the resources to brave life at the urban fringes away from the hubs of the labor market. Just like the government, they hoped that investment in private property would turn them into legal citizens of the city. My article contests this optimistic prediction. Analyzing resettlement practices, I demonstrate that legality at the margins is an unstable category that is unsettled not only by the survival strategies of people in crisis, but also by the countless slippages in bureaucratic processes. Instead of being new legal suburbs, these resettlements are spaces for vigorous and ongoing renegotiations of what can count as permitted ways of living in the city.This finding is important considering India's budding optimism for planning. Fueled by the confidence that economic growth can turn India into a post-poverty
There have been several investigations to understand the impact of Saharan dust layer on radiative heat balance. However, there are few studies on the impact of dust over Asian regions which is unique in aerosol perspective because of co‐existence of natural and anthropogenic aerosols. Here, we examine the surface cooling and lower atmospheric warming (and hence heating rate) due to dust over Afro‐Asian regions using collocated data from METEOSAT (of ESA) and MODIS (of NASA). Large reduction of surface reaching solar radiation as much as 10 to 15 W m−2 due to dust was observed simultaneous with a lower atmospheric warming of 0.3 to 0.5 K/day. During local noon warming was as large as 3K over desert regions. The large dust heating at source regions and its impact over ocean due to transported dust raises several issues which need to be understood.
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