Background: Adhesive capsulitis is a painful and disabling condition of unknown etiology, in which the shoulder capsule, the connective tissue surrounding the glenohumeral joint become inflamed and causes chronic pain with restriction. Although there are multiple ways to treat the disorder, there is a lack of evidence in indicating a specific technique to treat the disorder. In this study, we intend to check the efficacy of two different techniques in improving the range and function of the shoulder joint.Methodology: Thirty subjects were randomly allocated to two different groups. One group was administered with muscle energy technique (MET) and the other with Spencer technique. The pain intensity and disability of shoulder joint is evaluated with shoulder pain disability index. For range of motion for shoulder flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, internal rotation, and external rotation, Goniometry was used as an outcome measure.Results: The results are tabulated in terms of mean, standard deviation, variance, t-test, and P-value. Student t-test shows that there were statistically significant values for groups (P < 0.05). Variance test has been found to be significant at P < 0.05, Spencer technique is found to be more effective compare to MET.Conclusion: When applied to the patients, both MET and Spencer technique are found to be effective, in comparison using t-test, it is concluded that Spencer technique is more effective than MET.

Background: Work-related musculoskeletal discomfort, especially low back pain (LBP) leads to substantial economic loss to individuals as well as to the community. Musculoskeletal disorders not only lead to loss of health but also loss of wealth. Bus conductors who are an important population in the community are at an increased risk of developing musculoskeletal symptoms. Their jobs involve prolonged standing and walking inside the bus for whole day which have been identified as risk factors for musculoskeletal discomfort. Materials and methods: A survey of 100 bus conductors from different bus routes between the age group of 20 to 50 years, having at least 1-year working history and standing for 5 h/day, was conducted in Guwahati city of Assam state. Those with a history of trauma, preexisting medical conditions, or musculoskeletal deformities were excluded. Prevalence of LBP was assessed using Oswestry disability low back Pain Questionnaire, musculoskeletal discomfort was assessed by using Cornell musculoskeletal discomfort questionnaire. Mean, standard deviation and percentage was calculated for analysis. Result: The mean for Oswestry disability low back pain score is 23.26 and SD is ±9.8786. According to Oswestry disability LBP interpretation score it falls under 21- 40 percent- moderate disability. CMDQ scoring shows the mean SD is higher in lower back, neck and both the knees. The result of the study shows that bus conductors have a higher susceptibility to the back, neck and knees. Conclusion: The bus conductors work continuously for long periods and their severe workload results in the development of disability in lower back. The conductors suffer from MSD in different parts of their body, particularly the lower back, neck and both knees, regions which hinders their normal work activities. Thus, it can be concluded that the bus conductors are highly stressed in their occupation due to the hazardous working condition and work behaviour, which also affects their health and overall work performance. KEY WORDS: Low back pain, Musculoskeletal disorder, Work related musculoskeletal disorder, Bus conductors, Oswestry disability low back pain questionnaire, Cornell musculoskeletal discomfort questionnaire.

Background: ICU is a specially staffed and fully equipped unit of the hospital where patient requiring intensive care is kept. In order to meet the demand of seriously ill patients a numbers of sophisticated equipments and gadgets are used. Studies have shown that there is a need for knowledge about the operating system of these machines used in ICU to execute the treatment protocols by the ICU staff. Various therapeutic procedures are done depending on the readings of the machines and monitoring of the values is required before and after the treatment sessions. So it becomes mandatory for the ICU staff to have good command over the parameters of the equipment. The objective of the study is therefore to find out the awareness of two important machines namely the Mechanical ventilator and Pulse oximeter among the ICU staff including the physiotherapist in north eastern states of India.Methods: An observational cross section study has been done with 200 subjects who is working in ICU for more than 6 months. Result:The data of 200 subjects were analyzed and the scores of the questionnaire was estimated using Karl Pearson Correlation Coefficient which has shown that there is a significant (p value =0.00) awareness of pulse oximeter displayers and ventilators among physiotherapist and other ICU staff in the north eastern states of India. Conclusion:Based on the results, it is concluded that 72.5% of the subjects were well aware and 27.5% of the subjects were least aware about the ventilators and pulse oximeter, hence it can be considered that there is an acceptable knowledge among the ICU staff including physiotherapist in north eastern states of India about the ventilator and pulse oximeter displayers.