According to the science, technology, engineering, arts, and mathematics (STEAM) program, this experimental research aims to advocate e-content based on augmented reality (AR) technology to enhance retention learning (LR) and reinforce critical thinking in the intermediate stage in Ha’il, KSA. Then, we study the interaction between the technology of AR design (image/mark) and the mental capacity of learners (high/low) in developing critical thinking (CT) and practical skills, i.e., the interaction between AR (image/mark) and gender. The study’s sample consisted of 120 8th-grade junior high school students from six schools in Ha’il. 63 of the 120 participants are females, while 57 are males. They were divided into 2 control and 8 experimental groups. Our analysis revealed that students’ LR and CT skills after using AR were better than before using AR. The first result we found was that implementing AR in educational realms impacted students’ LR. Furthermore, statistically significant differences were exhibited in overall CT skills between those with high and low mental capacity (MC), favoring those with high MC. Even more interestingly, according to the STEAM program, male students’ outcomes in science learning were more reinforced by AR than females’. Future research could quantify learning outcomes and look at underserved communities. Moreover, future studies could reveal the educational benefits of augmented reality-based active learning.
This study aims at exploring Interactive Videos (IV) used in Flipped Classroom (FC) and their feedback types and Learning Styles (LS) of Talented Students (TS) in developing Personal Knowledge Management Skills (PKMS) and achievement. The study was conducted on 51 STS from Hail Gifted Care Center in KSA, where they divided into four experimental groups depending on their LS and IV’s feedback. The study occurred during the first term of the academic year 2019–2020. In the FC based on IV, no statistical differences between the TF and AF were present in interactive videos on the achievement or PKMS for talented students. Also, no statistical differences between the LS (convergent–distant) in the total PKMS and achievement for STS were present when applying interactive videos–based flipped classrooms, same for statistical interaction effects between the TF–AF, save for some interaction effects in some knowledge management skills (conveying, analysis, organizing). Future research could address the diminishing motivation incurred with the interactive videos-based flipped classrooms. Specifically, how to design IV–based FCs with feedback types that encourage students to develop KPMS
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