EXECUTIVE SUMMARYThe Indian Family Welfare Program, though successful in increasing contraceptive use among couples who have achieved their desired family size, has failed in educating people about the importance and need of using contraceptive methods for spacing births. The concept of interpregnancy spacing and its advantages was never given serious attention as a program objective. The latest National Family Health Survey (NFHS) results show that 77 percent of sterilized women did not use a family planning method before their sterilization (IIPS and Marco International 2007). Furthermore, available studies demonstrate that a birth interval of 3 to 5 years could increase chances of infant and maternal survival by 2.5 times more than children born at an interval of 2 years or fewer. Thus, Healthy Timing and Spacing of Pregnancy (HTSP) is considered an important family planning intervention to improve maternal and child health.

SUMMARYA non-linear stochastic model has been proposed and analized for fish harvesting. The model encompasses Gordon-Schaefer model and Pella-Tomlinson model that have been used in the study of extensive data on baleen whales, harp seals and Gulf of St. Lawrence cod. It has been established that the harvesting of those species is more profitable in terms of biomass for which data supports a > 2; as compared to that for which a42; where a is general index in the model:

In this paper we conaider a modification of Bailey'e atochaatic model for the spread of an epidemic when there are maaonal variations in infection rate. The resulting nonlinear model is analyzed by employing the diffusion approximation technique. We have shown that for a large population the p r o w , on suitable scaling and normalization, convergee to a non-stationary Ornatein-Uhlenbeck proceea. Consequently the number of infectivea haa in the steady state a gauasian distribution.

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