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The study is devoted to the problems of poisoning by cardiotoxic diseases. The relevance of the study was confirmed by the analysis of literature containing the following information: during recent decades poisoning with cardiotoxic substances while providing medical care to patients has become the main cause of premature death worldwide. Currently, in a number of cases of poisoning several classes of compounds for medical and non-medical purposes with cardiotoxic effects can be found. The pattern of acute poisonings is highly dependent on different regions, especially in developed and developing countries, as well as in urban and coastal areas, and it also depends on socio-economic status, cultural practices, industrial and agricultural development in industry. The results obtained during the study show that the toxic effects of various classes of cardiotoxicants include direct (effects on the heart, blood vessels or nervous system) and indirect effects of the poison associated with the presence of metabolic disorders (hypoxia, acidosis, electrolyte disorders), and the severity of the manifestation of the condition determination of urgent toxic arrhythmias, which worsen the course of the toxic process and most often lead to a sudden death, which is an actual study of mechanisms of toxic rhythm and conduction disorders. The study shows changes in the electrocardiographic patterns and mechanisms of cardiotoxic action, which can be found in the structure of poisonings, their toxic doses (concentration). The purpose of this study was to study the features of rhythm and conduction in case of cardiotropic poisoning. In the course of the study the following scientific tasks were solved: changes in the electrocardiographic pattern and manifestations of cardiotoxic action, which were broadly found in the structure of poisoning, were established, and information about their toxic doses (concentrations) was summarized. In our opinion, the knowledge of signs of poisoning, topical symptoms, mechanisms of formation of their effects is the key to the implementation of measures to provide medical care. The results of the study include practical significance for the analysis and definition of various types of medical care in case of poisoning with cardiotoxic diseases of non-medical purposes.

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The development of coronavirus infection outbreak into a pandemic, coupled with the lack of effective COVID-19 therapies, is a challenge for the entire pharmaceutical industry. This study aimed to assess the treatment and preventive efficacy of the amino acid-peptide complex (APC) in male Syrian hamsters infected with SARSCoV-2 (intranasal administration of 26 μl of the virus culture, titer of 4 × 104 TCD50/ml). In a modeled COVID-19 case, APC administered for treatment and preventive purposes reduced lung damage. Compared to the positive control group, test group had the lung weight factor 15.2% smaller (trend), which indicates a less pronounced edema. Microscopic examination revealed no alveolar edema, atypical hypertrophied forms of type II alveolocytes, pulmonary parenchyma fibrinization. The macrophage reaction intensified, which is probably a result of the APC-induced activation of regenerative processes in the lung tissues. Spleens of the animals that received APC for therapeutic and preventive purposes were less engorged and had fewer hemorrhages. The decrease of body weight of the test animals that received APC for treatment and prevention was insignificant (p < 0.05), which indicates a less severe course of COVID-19. Administered following a purely therapeutic protocol, APC proved ineffective against SARS-CoV-2 post-infection. Thus, APC-based drug used as a therapeutic and preventive agent reduces pulmonary edema and makes morphological signs of lung tissue damage less pronounced in male Syrian hamsters infected with SARS-CoV-2.

A series of lab experiments with ticks (collected by flagging in the natural biotopes in North-Western Russia) was carried out in order to study tick reaction to attractants imitating the smell of a potential host. All the ticks that showed either positive or negative reactions to attractants in the experiment were individually PCR-tested for B. burgdorferi s.l DNA.The percent of Borrelia - positive specimen among hungry active adult I. ricinus and I. persulcatus ticks was higher than that among hungry passive ones. The discovered infection of I. persulcatus females by B. burgdorferi s. l. was 56% from which 67% were active and 36% were passive ticks. Total infection of adult ticks was 45% (61% active, 24% passive ticks). Infection of I. ricinus females was 60%, 69% in active individuals and 48% in passive, total infection of adult ticks was 56% (70% in active, 43% in passive). Synthetic kyromonas (attractant) composed of 1-octen-3-ol and a mixture of ethyl myristate-methyl salicylate (1:1), simulated the odour of the host in the experiment, attracted up to 70% of adults of I. ricinus and up to 80% of I. persulcatus. It can be assumed that this percent of adult ticks reflect an overall number of individuals searching for a hosts during the season of activity in natural biotopes.