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В настоящее время широкий спектр промышленных металлургических процессов нагрева и плавления реализуется на основе использования электротермических технологий. Применение электротермических процессов является предпочтительным как с технологической, так и с экологической и экономической точек зрения. Достигнутый технологический уровень применения электронагрева и плавки является очень высоким и постоянно совершенствуется из-за растущей сложности аппаратуры и строгих требований к производительности и качеству продукции.В статье приводятся наиболее перспективные решения по эффективному нагреву и плавлению с помощью электротермических технологий в металлургическом производстве, а также отдельные примеры использования данных технологий, такие как индукционный нагрев для ковки или прокатки заготовок, термическая обработка полос и листов, процессы пресс-упрочнения, индукционное упрочнение поверхности сложной геометрии, индукционная сварка и индукционная плавка.

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THE PURPOSE. To consider the features of development and exploitation of DC-DC power supplies for Arctic conditions, to show the key problems and existing methods of solving them, to identify prospective directions in the design of this type of devices. METODS. The work is mainly an over-view with the questions of construction, circuit design, control principles, maintaining thermal equilibrium, choosing of electric elements and miniaturization. The first part of the article is devoted to the review of scientific publications and patents, in the second part the idea of using a parallel architecture in frost-resistant power supplies is considered, giving an opportunity to adapt modular principle of device construction.RESULTS. The article examines the issues of adapting the modular approach to the specifics of frost-resistant power supplies. In this way you can build a self-healing, configurable, easy-to-repair power supply of wide application. With modular construction principle the entire electrical complex consists of parallel-connected cells, placed in one hermetic and heated case (a case with connectors on the surface, as well as the control and display units). CONCLUSION. Parallel connection of the cells allows to provide a significant power reserve in the power supply, to perform a quick replacement of faulty modules without interrupting the power supply process, to increase/reduce the system power easily by changing the number of working cells. The system acquires special advantages, if the output voltage levels of the cells are adjustable. In this case, it is possible to build a universal configurable power supply of wide application, which is a novelty on the market. If you group the cells on the output, you can use one power supply for several different consumers. The spare parts for the power supply are as simple as possible and consists of ready-made cells and connecting wires. The obtained results can be used in development of fault-tolerant secondary DC-DC power supplies for hard operating conditions.

This article describes the basic methodological aspects of designing multispectral optoelectronic devices for the remote inspection of overhead power lines. A method for selecting operating spectral areas for these devices was suggested on the basis of the proposed detection criteria. The proposed method considers physical phenomena that occur during the visual inspection and detection of objects. It allows the rational selection of operating areas of a multispectral device, including the number, width, and location of these areas in the optical spectrum. The author determines that effect of the spectral area width on object detection probability can be estimated by the correlation between spectral and integral contrasts. The optimal operating areas for multispectral devices with direct image visualization are selected according to the developed method.