The cryogenic storage ring CSR Review of Scientific Instruments 87, 063115 (2016); https://doi

Axions should be produced copiously in Stars such as the Sun. The first part of the article reviews the capabilities and performance of axion helioscopes. The mechanism they rely on is described and the achieved experimental results for the interaction of solar axions and axion-like particles with matter are given. The second part is actually observationally driven. New results obtained with Monte Carlo simulation reconstruct solar observations, previously dismissed, supporting an axion(-like) involvement with m a ≈1-2×10 −2 eV/c 2 . To further quantify the suggested solar observations as being originated by axions, additional theoretical work is needed. However, the recently suggested axion interaction with magnetic field gradients is a generic theoretical example that seems to reconcile for the first time present limits, derived from axion helioscopes, and potential axion-related solar X-ray activity, avoiding thus contradictions with the best experimental limits. Magnetic quadrupoles can be used to experimentally test this idea, thus becoming a new catalyst in axion experiments. Finally, a short outlook for the future is given, in view of the experimental expansion of axion research with the state-of-the-art orbiting X-ray observatories. ‡ Present address:

Writer identi"cation is carried out using handwritten text. The feature vector is derived by means of morphologically processing the horizontal pro"les (projection functions) of the words. The projections are derived and processed in segments in order to increase the discrimination e$ciency of the feature vector. Extensive study of the statistical properties of the feature space is provided. Both Bayesian classi"ers and neural networks are employed to test the e$ciency of the proposed feature. The achieved identi"cation success using a long word exceeds 95%.

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A new method of optimized efficiency for the retrospective reconstruction of tomograms is presented. The method has been developed for use with isocentric fluoroscopic units and is capable of performing digital tomosynthesis of anatomical planes of user selected orientation and distance from the isocenter. Optimization of efficiency has been achieved by segmenting the reconstruction process into discrete transformations that are specific to groups of pixels, rather than performing pixel by pixel operations. These involve a number of projections of the acquired image matrices as well as parallel translations and summing. Application of this method has resulted in a significant reduction of computing time. The proposed algorithm has been experimentally tested on a radiotherapy simulator unit with the use of a phantom and the obtained results are reported and discussed.