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We have found analytical solutions of the light propagation equations in photorefractive materials with strong optical activity and absorption. These solutions show the occurrence of breathing solitons in sillenite crystals with strong optical activity and absorption in two particular orientations with respect to the external electric field. The absorption is decreasing the soliton intensity with the propagation distance (which set a limit in the soliton channel length), is increasing the breathing period, and is changing the soliton width (in inverse relations, at low and high intensities). Our experimental results confirm the analytical solutions and the numerical simulations, as well as the importance of the optical activity and absorption in solitonlike propagation.

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The generation of spatial solitons in BSO crystals has been demonstrated analytically and experimentally. Nonlinear polarisation dynamics has been introduced to demonstrate the soliton generation which can lead to vortex beams