Four variations of abductor muscle prosthesis for treating laryngeal hemiplegia were evaluated in 153 horses by questionnaire, and in the 100 Thoroughbred racehorses in this group survival analysis was used to compare their racing performances and earnings with those of 400 control horses. The questionnaire indicated that the technique which included a ventriculectomy and 2 prostheses was regarded as being the most successful (P less than 0.01) and resulted in the least residual stertor (P less than 0.001). Survival analysis showed that there was no significant difference between the treated group of horses and the control horses (P greater than 0.05).

Three cases of intramural haematoma of the small colon of horses are presented. In all cases the haematoma obstructed the lumen and caused an accumulation of faeces and gas. The horses were in shock and had acute abdominal pain. Exploratory abdominal surgery revealed the haematomas and showed them to be associated with chronic infection and terminal rupture in one animal which was subsequently killed, and an iatrogenic perforation of the terminal small colon in another which survived after intestinal resection. In the remaining horse, which died without recovering after intestinal resection, no cause was found.

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Unilateral partial arytenoidectomy was performed in 22 horses. Six horses had arytenoid chondritis, 14 horses had idiopathic laryngeal hemiplegia (11 of which had been treated unsuccessfully by insertion of a laryngeal abductor muscle prosthesis), and two horses had laryngeal hemiplegia resulting from perivascular injection of an irritant drug. After surgery, eight horses (36%) developed a nasal discharge of food and/or water that was of clinical significance in only two of them. The operation resulted in marked improvement in exercise tolerance in all 20 horses tested, although two could not work because of severe exercise-associated coughing. Mild inspiratory stertor was present in eight horses and was excessive in one. It was concluded that the high incidence of problems related to swallowing rendered the method unacceptable. Modification of partial arytenoidectomy by silicon augmentation produced improvement in one horse. RYTENOIDECTOMY WAS FIRST described in 1866 inA an extensive, but unsuccessful, search for a surgical cure for laryngeal hemiplegia. ' Total arytenoidectomy resulted in postoperative dysphagia followed by death from aspiration pneumonia. Although lifethreatening complications were prevented by performing a partial arytenoidectomy , results were still largely

SUMMARY The diagnosis and successful surgical treatment of a diaphragmatic hernia in a 12 weeks old standardbred foal are described. The clinical syndrome in horses generally is contrasted with that seen in the foal described in this paper. Some of the factors contributing to the clinical signs are discussed. RÉSUMÉ On décrit le diagnostic et le traitement d'une hernie diaphragmatique chez un foal de race de selle. Le syndrome clinique tel qu'il est décrit chez le cheval contraste avec celui rapporté ici. Quelques uns des facteurs provoquant les signes cliniques sont analysés. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Die Diagnose und die erfolgreiche chirurgische Behandlung einer Zwerchfellshernie bei einem 12‐wöchigen Fohlen werden beschrieben. Das klinische Bild beim Pferd im allgemeinen wird den Erscheinungen bei dem Fohlen gegenübergestellt, das hier beschrieben wird. Einige der Faktoren, die klinischen Zeichen beeinflussen, werden diskutiert.