Lead Selenide (PbSe) thin films are deposited by chemical bath deposition for 2 hours in different temperature. The precursors used are 0.2M of Lead (II) nitrate, 0.5M of Sodium Selenosulfate, 2.0M of Sodium hydroxide and 4ml of Triethanolamine. The film deposition is carried out at 50°C, 60°C, 70°C, and 80°C for 2 hours. The thickness of the film varied in the range from 1400 to 5200Å. The structural characterization of these films is carried out by X–ray diffractometar (JEOL-Japan, JDX 8030 model). The XRD pattern of PbSe films deposited at different temperature exhibit the polycrystalline structure. In the present study, Scanning Electron Microscope (JOEL 840 SEM/EDAX) is employed to analyze the surface morphology of the films. In addition, the compositions of the films are estimated from EDAX Spectrum. Therefore, it is observed that the films deposited in this work, possess strong peaks for Pb and Se and no other impurities are detected through the EDAX Spectrum, confirming high purity of the PbSe thin film.
A 2-kJ Mather plasma focus device is used to deuterate the top end surface (or tip) of its central titanium electrode to investigate the occurrence of anomalous nuclear reactions in the context of the "cold fusion" phenomenon. The tip of the central titanium electrode is found to develop at least a few tens of microcuries of tritium after several plasma focus discharges. Neither the tritium impurity level in the deuterium gas used in the experiment nor the tritium branch of the d-d reactions that are known to occur in plasma focus devices can account for such activity in the electrode. Anomalous nuclear reactions in the deuterated titanium lattice appear to be the most probable source of this high activity.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.