The article provides a critical review of the research topic under consideration in the context of the principles laid down in the concept of the fourth industrial revolution. Attention is paid to “value chains”. Value chain is a new form of justifying the processes of product development, production and structuring of measurement operations. The formalization of a hybrid control measuring system of a new generation, combining the principles of integration of information security, information technologies and the mathematical apparatus of graph theory and set theory is given. The importance of artificial intelligence methods in the control, commissioning and operational monitoring of dynamic measurements in automation systems and mechanical engineering in the framework of Industry 4.0 is substantiated.

The article is dedicated to the consideration of the role and significance of the quaternary logic in automated control systems. The methodology of reduction and application of the principle of ergodicity in measurement metrology in automated process control systems is presented. The optimization role of the tools used in solving of hybrid technological and telemetry problems is emphasized.

The article is dedicated to the consideration of the basic principles of cybernetics and to definition of a discrete model of microeconomic equivalents of samples of longitudinal (panel) data. The efficiency of the work of elements of industrial production (which have the properties of emergence in relation to each other) is substantiated. The author’s panel model of metric data for the economic subsystems of the enterprise is presented.

The article deals with the aspectology of determining the classification of problems in the metrological apparatus of medical support. Attention is paid to the design and synthesis of the principles of diagnostics and direct measurements in medicine. The functional and semantic component of modern computer diagnostic methods is indicated, their synergistic effect is determined. The importance of promising measurement control methods - expert systems of new generations is substantiated. The author’s consideration of the issue of solving specific problems through the methods of artificial intelligence and information technologies in mass spectroscopy is given.

The article discusses the problems of optimizing the work of modern industrial production, promising areas of automation, the industrial Internet of things. The author’s principle of optimizing the operation of automated systems through a number of promising technologies is described: a model of an improved abstract executor and distributed computing, modern machine learning tools. The application of information security methods in ensuring the search for the optimal connection between objects and subjects of an automated control system is given. The economic and technological significance and role of the potential described and considered implementations are formalized.