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Oat grain has a great national economic significance. Firstly, it is a concentrated feed for farm animals. Secondly, it is the raw material for food production, most of all, for baby diet. In this regard, when used for feed purpose or for food production, it is necessary to knowledge the chemical composition of the oat grain. Our results demonstrated that by the content of chemical elements, among 70 species the differences were in membranous and hull-less oats. The grain of membranous oat of Ulov variety contained more silicon, potassium and calcium, comparing with the content of hull-less oat grains of Vyatkskiy variety. In a relatively favorable weather conditions of 2010 year, the Ulov oat grains contained more boron, sodium, aluminum, potassium, calcium. Vyatskiy hull-less oat grains at relatively favorable weather conditions of 2011 year, have a higher content of magnesium, phosphorus, calcium, manganese and zinc. Chemical composition of Ulov and Vyatskiy oat grain according to the 70 element have differs and depends on the meteorological conditions of the vegetation period. The membranous and hull-less oat grains did not contain heavy metals above the permissible values, regulated by Sanitary rules and norms 2.3.2.1078-01.