Magnetic alignment (MA) results from the preference of animals to align themselves along the field lines of the geomagnetic field, a behavioural expression of a magnetic sense. MA is well documented for ruminants and might demonstrate a general magnetic sensory ability among artiodactyls. We measured body‐axis alignment in 1614 foraging or resting wild boars Sus scrofa, 1849 wild boar beds, and 1347 warthogs Phacochoerus africanus, and found a highly significant north–south preference. The magnetic field was the only common denominator of all observations. Thus, we provide the first data suggesting a magnetic sense in the Suidae.

Biofuels have become an integral part of everyday life in modern society. Bioethanol and fatty acid methyl esters are a common part of both the production of gasoline and diesel fuels. Also, pressure on replacing fossil fuels with bio-components is constantly growing. Waste vegetable fats can replace biodiesel. Hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) seems to be a better alternative. This fuel has a higher oxidation stability for storage purposes, a lower temperature of loss of filterability for the winter time, a lower boiling point for cold starts, and more. Viscosity, density, cold filter plugging point of fuel blend, and flash point have been measured to confirm that a fuel from HVO is so close to a fuel standard that it is possible to use it in engines without modification. The objective of this article is to show the properties of different fuels with and without HVO admixtures and to prove the suitability of using HVO compared to FAME. HVO can also be prepared from waste materials, and no major modifications of existing refinery facilities are required. No technology in either investment or engine adaptation of fuel oils is needed in fuel processing.

Abstract. Intrusion and hold-up alarm systems serve primarily for protecting buildings against unlawful conduct of third parties, and can be used as monitoring and control systems. They are therefore primarily a tool for ensuring a state of security. They operate in the material realm (physical protection of property, life and health) and in the emotional realm (providing a feeling of peace, safety and a certain security). As a result it is important for them not to malfunction and for them to be sufficiently resistant to attack. The problem of combined space detectors affects a large proportion of intrusion and hold-up alarm systems (I&HAS). In a time of increasing property crime, it is highly important for combined space detectors to be able to detect movement in space or other penetrations within the guarded area reliably and free of error. In the case of installation of combined space detectors it is naturally important not only to ensure correct installation, to gauge the external influences impacting upon the detector and ensure proper maintenance, but also to guarantee their capability of detection under more arduous conditions (Attempts to sabotage etc.). These tests are important both from an informative perspective and due to the possibilities of development of potential counter-measures, which could lead to their improvement and an enhancement of their level of security. Tests were performed of the sensitivity attenuation in each direction of movement. At the same time, a multicriterial analysis of variants comparing the most common detectors on the Czech market was carried out. In the research, the measured values of the PIR/MW detector and installation convenience were compared. The PIR/MW detector, LC-104-PIMW from the manufacturer DSC, has emerged as being the best choice out of the comparison detectors and ended with 84 % success rate. The other detectors did not fare much worse than the LC-104-PIMW. The second-placed one was the CROW SWAN 1000 detector. In the third position, the RISCO RK415DTDEB. The only detector that does not have such a positive rating is Pyronix-Hikvision KX15DT, which ended with only 63 % success.

Road transport is increasing all around the globe and biofuels have come to the forefront of public interest. According to Article 3, Directive 2009/28/EC, each member state has to ensure that an energy share from renewable sources in all forms of transportation reaches at least 10% of the final consumption of energy in transportation until 2020. The blending of biofuels is one of the methods available to member states to meet this target and it might even be expected to be a main contributor. This article analyses and compares selected biofuels, their chemical properties and their influence on engine operational parameters. The operational parameters of the diesel engine of the Skoda Roomster 1.4 TDI were measured on a chassis dynamometer according to the NEDC driving cycle, and pure diesel fuel, HVO and a blend of fuels (diesel fuel, HVO and butanol) were used for comparison. Operation on biofuels shows a slight decrease in performance parameters up to 10% and an increase in emission production (especially CO in the case of D50H30B20). Positive influences of biofuels were proven with a decrease in exhaust gas opacity and particulate matter production, up to 50% in the case of D50H30B20.

Abstract. Currently there is a big trend to watch different variables for racing horses. There is great interest to monitor their condition in the race. This monitoring leads to the optimization of the needs of race horeses, which improves their final outputs. It is important to many countless indicators such as temperature, humidity, pressure, heart rate and many other to be monitored. It is therefore necessary to define a simple system for transferring the recorded data. This system must be reliable, flexible and especially efficient. Due to the the need for fast data transfer this technology must be wireless. The basis therefore is to create a so-called "multiple-sensor network". This network must allow for variability and allow mesh communication. The proposed network must then allow forwarding of messages, because each transmitter is also the receiver (repeater function). A survey was conducted on the current applicable technology. Eventually, the IQRF technology has been selected that exactly matches the specified criteria. The IQRF technology operates at a frequency of 868 MHz, which corresponds to the ISM868 band (Industrial, Scientific and Medical). IQRF mesh allows communication and is suitable for distances of tens to hundreds of meters. Its dimensions are small (about 2 cm long, 1 cm wide and 0.25 cm high), allowing seamless integration. It has been found that it is necessary to place the track stationary points. However, it is not necessary to solve the remote transmitter that would send its information which is identified from these stationary points. Because it is mesh communication, each loop element communicates with each other and does not require other transmit interfaces.