The relevance of the paper is determined by the changes in the conditions of energy and economy development, that impose new requirements on the methodology of energy demand forecasting. The most important changes are happening to energy consumers. The consumers, as equal participants in the electricity market, will affect demand, prices and adaptability in the power system in future. The main reason to use semantic approach and agent-based modeling is impossibility to formalize direct and feedback connections between consumers and central power grid along with high uncertainty. Ontology and cognitive model of the regional energy system was designed. It allows to recognize and determine cause-effect relationships in different operating conditions of the regional energy system. The developed algorithm and model, based on the agent approach, make it possible to assess the possibilities and the strength of consumer behavior effect on the development of the regional power grid.

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Subject. The article reviews the way strategic threats to energy security influence the quality of people's life. Objectives. The study unfolds the theory of analyzing strategic threats to energy security by covering the matter of quality of people's life. Methods. To analyze the way strategic threats to energy security spread across cross-sectoral commodity and production chains and influences quality of people's living, I applied the factor analysis and general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis. Results. I suggest interpreting strategic threats to energy security as risks of people's quality of life due to a reduction in the volume of energy supply. I identified mechanisms reflecting how the fuel and energy complex and its development influence the quality of people's life. The article sets out the method to assess such quality-of-life risks arising from strategic threats to energy security. Conclusions and Relevance. In the current geopolitical situation, strategic threats to energy security cause long-standing adverse consequences for the quality of people's life. If strategic threats to energy security are further construed as risk of quality of people's life, this will facilitate the preparation and performance of a more effective governmental policy on energy, which will subsequently raise the economic well-being of people.

In this paper the life time of the 3( generation 12 without IBF dependence upon residual electron-stimulated outgassing (RESO) from SBA is presented. The calculation of RESO level is made which insures the 3d generation 12 without ion-barrier film (IBF) efficiency. The high cleaning of SBA of the 3( generation 12 technology with RESO level monitoring is described. I. high-efficiency SBA degassing necessity. In the proximately focused j2 the life time and noise are interconnected [1 , 2]. In 12, which are sealed in ultra-high vacuum (UHV) conditions in operational mode, the photocathodes are subjected to electron stimulated gasses effect from SBA. [2, 3]. Photocathode bombardment by positive ions causes ion-electron emission, which presents a noise [3], and evolved from SBA gasses adsorption contaminates Cs:O surface on GaAs photocathode [2]. The residual gasses from SBA in general are oxygen, water, hydrogenous, carbon oxide and carbon dioxide [2] from which active gasses have rather a high sticking coefficient. The active gasses are intensively adsorbed on the photocathode surface and as their quantity is increased they effect on Cs:O layer causing photocathode sensitivity decrease. On the base of theoretical and experimental investigations the authors obtained the theoretical expression allowing to determine photocathode sensitivity decrease in dependence upon exposure time of electronstimulated outgassing. At that the quantity of monolayers Cs:O is equal H 1, and active gasses molecules sticking coefficient 0,8.Fig. 1 shows, the sensitivity of GaAs photocathodes decrease in j2 without ion-barrier film (IBF) dependence on operational mode at three values of electron-stimulated outgassing from SBA.Fig. 2 shows the proximately focused 12 GaAs photocathode sensitivity dependence on the electron-stimulated outgassing level.

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