The review summarizes information on the stages of independent assessments of the cause of patient death, presented in 1861 by Prosper Menier. The possibility of the presence of a symptom complex unknown to the author, characteristic of intracranial hypotension syndrome, is emphasized. Attention is drawn to the symptomatic similarity of neurological and common ENT diseases different in etiopathogenesis. The rarity of the onset of reduced intracranial pressure syndrome is questioned. Risk factors for intracranial hypotension syndrome are mentioned. A hypothetical justification of the cause of death in Prosper Menier is proposed.

The article reflects the polymorphism and complexity of diagnostics of low intracranial pressure syndrome. The authors emphasize the facultative nature of positionally dependent cephalgias. Attention is drawn to the frequent otorhinolaryngological manifestations of this pathology in the form of hearing loss, often – fluctuating one, the attacks of systemic vertigo, subjective ear noise. The authors put in question the rarity of low intracranial pressure syndrome. Based on their own experience, the authors suggest audiometric tests to improve the diagnostics of low intracranial pressure syndrome and, correspondingly, perilymphatic labyrinth hypotension.