In this work, we present a modification of a stainless steel surface to impart superhydrophobic properties to it that are robust with respect to mechanical stresses associated with cyclic icing/deicing treatment, as well as to long-term contact with aqueous media and high humidity. The durability of the superhydrophobic state is ensured by the texture with multimodal roughness stable against mechanical stresses and a 2D polymer network of fluorooxysilane chemically bound to the texture elements. The designed superhydrophobic coating is characterized by contact angles exceeding 155° and a maximum rolling angle of 42° after 100 icing/deicing cycles.

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Ultrafine 5 nm ceria isotropic nanoparticles were prepared using the rapid chemical precipitation approach from cerium(III) nitrate and ammonium hydroxide aqueous solutions. The as-prepared nanoparticles were shown to contain predominantly Ce(IV) species. The solubility of nanocrystalline CeO 2 at several pH values was determined using ICP-MS and radioactive tracer methods. Phase composition of the ceria samples remained unchanged upon partial dissolution, while the shape of the particles changed dramatically, yielding nanorods under neutral pH conditions. According to X-ray absorption spectroscopy investigation of the supernatant, Ce(III) was the main cerium species in solution at pH < 4. Based on the results obtained, a reductive dissolution model was used for data interpretation. According to this model, the solubility product for ceria nanoparticles was determined to be logK sp =-59.3 ± 0.3 in 0.01M NaClO 4. Taken together, our results show that the pH-dependence of ceria anti-and pro-oxidant activity can be related to the dissolution of CeO 2 in aqueous media.