No abstract

The necessary sequence of stages has been developed and the unmanned technology for creating a digital elevation model by the example of the land use of Novosibirsk region has been implemented. The technology consists of a set of stages: reconnaissance of the terrain, fi xing reference signs, satellite measurements, aerial photography fl ights, processing the results of aerial photography and the construction of digital elevation model. The technological process was signifi cantly affected by unfavorable weather conditions - low clouds, gusty wind, high air humidity. Remote sensing study with the use of unmanned aerial vehicle of the Supercam S 250 F type made it possible to create a large-scale orthophotoplan and a digital elevation model on the farm territory (M 1 : 1000). For photogrammetric processing of digital data obtained on the farm, a two-stage method of satellite determination was used. The essence of this method was to obtain a large number of satellite measurements in a static mode and further statistical processing. For statistical processing of satellite measurements, information was used on the coordinate location of two base ground stations of the Novosibirsk Region satellite network - Kochenevo and Novosibirsk. Remoteness of support points from the ground satellite station of Novosibirsk was at a distance of over 90 km. As a result of equalization calculations, the obtained average square displacement errors of the planned and high-altitude position of the support points in various test sites were under 0.02 m in the plan, and under 0.03 m by height. In the process of photogrammetric processing of the results of aerial photography with the use of unmanned aerial vehicle, the tasks of transferring the position of points on a digital image in the pixel coordinate system into the coordinate system of the area, building digital irregular (TIN, Triangulated Irregular Network) and regular (DEM, Digital Elevation Model) surface models, and based on them, textured terrain models (TTM, Textured Terrain Model) and orthophotoplans, were solved.

No abstract

The expediency of joint application of methods of multi-criteria decision analysis of (MCDA) and geoinformation systems (GIS) in order to assess the suitability of lands for cultivation of agricultural crops is substantiated. The implementation of this approach will make it possible to partially automate the process of assessing land. The studies were carried out on the territory of ZAO Mirny, Kochenevsky District, Novosibirsk Region (54°56′24″ N, 82°06′12″ E), located in the forest-steppe zone. Taking into account the peculiarities of the territory under consideration, the following criteria were selected for assessing suitability of lands: drainage condition, soils granulometric composition, contrast of soil cover, working areas elevation pattern, humus layer thickness, ploughness, terrain slope angle, exposure of slopes, erosion degree. The sources of spatial information were land management maps, soil and topographic maps, digital elevation model (DEM), SRTM, ultra-high resolution satellite images. The collection and processing of spatial information was carried out in QuantumGIS (QGIS), which has an open modular architecture. ELECTRE TRI and the hierarchy analysis method were selected for the analytical assessment of information within MCDA. For both methods, there are procedures that are integrated with QGIS. With the help of QGIS GIS tools, the land use of a particular agricultural enterprise was divided into working areas, their boundaries and areas were determined. A method for obtaining an attribute database is described for each criterion. An overview of the ELECTRE TRI methods and the hierarchy analysis method is given, and their launch procedures in QGIS are described. The criteria weights were obtained using the hierarchy analysis method (Easy АНР procedure in QuantumGIS), and the main result – the land suitability map (according to the FAO classification) – was obtained using the ELECTRE TRI method (ELECTRE TRI procedure for QuantumGIS). Since the result of the ELECTRE TRI procedure are two decision maps: according to the pessimistic and optimistic scenarios, additional studies were carried out, on the basis of which it was possible to establish that the map obtained according to the optimistic scenario has a greater consistency with the natural conditions of the agricultural enterprise.