SUMMARY :The experiment was carried to screened cotton genotypes for salinity tolerance in the kharif season of 2016-17. Eleven cotton genotypes were selected and grown upto squaring stage in different soil ratio of normal soil and saline soil after that leaf samples were collected and all the biochemical parameters were recorded for screening of cotton genotypes for salinity tolerance. Genotypes GISV-218 and G. Cot-16 showed highest relative water content in all the treatment. Genotypes G.Cot-16, GISV-218 and BC-68-2 showed highest membrane stability in normal soil condition where genotypes G. Cot -16, GISV-218 and 76-1H-20 were showed highest membrane stability (78.79%, 78.29% and 74.70%, respectively) in saline soil. Range of proline content was (0.23 to 0.56 mg/g of tissue) in normal soil condition and it was (0.75 to 1.35 mg/g of tissue) in saline soil condition. Highest glycine

An experiment was carried out at Main Cotton Research Station, NAU, Surat, Gujarat, India during 2018–2020 to identify F1 hybrids and their parents through SSR marker for salinity tolerance in cotton. The four cotton parents (two salt tolerant and two salt sensitive) were crossed in a diallel fashion to obtain twelve cotton hybrids and subjected to DNA isolation and PCR amplification with SSR markers. In the present study, six SSR markers (TMB0409, DPL0094, BNL686, JESPR153, CM45 and MGHES006) were identified to be polymorphic between parents and the hybrids. The SSR primer TMB0409, DPL0094, JESPR153 and CM45 identified two fragments each from different parents in two, two, four and eight cotton hybrids, respectively, which confirmed true hybrids. Hence, the SSR molecular marker, individually or in combination can be used to distinguish and confirm the hybrid and parents in cotton with special reference to salinity. The PCA analysis revealed that BNL686–1 (248 bp) allele contributed significantly to the quantum of variation as explained by PC1. Hence, this allele is able to serve as a benchmark for ascertaining the efficient pattern of grouping between genotypes. Further, the marker CM45 amplified a fragment specific to the saline tolerant parents which was absent in sensitive parents as well as a fragment produced in sensitive parent which was absent in the tolerant parents, hence the molecular marker CM45 may associate with the salinity tolerance in cotton and can be used for salinity tolerant breeding program after confirming in a large population.