The work refers to the field of thermochemical processes of the biomass conversion into energy, in particular to the creation of gas-generator stoves operating on biomass for cooking. In view of the high energy efficiency and environmental friendliness gas-burning stoves significantly exceed the traditional direct combustion biomass kilns. The theoretical analysis of the processes of gasification and combustion of fuel flowing in the stove is considered. The stove is considered as a reversed microgasifier with an open top. Gasification is carried out in a vertical microgasifier of a dense layer of fuel with fuel ignition from above and air supply from below. The thermal processes taking place in the microgasifier can be divided into three stages: partial gasification of biofuel, complete gasification of the biochar obtained, direct combustion of the biochar. The pilot samples of a number of stoves with a reactor volume of 5.5 to 9.7 liters were made and pilot tests were carried out for the various types of biofuel (pellets from softwood, trimmed pine saw-timbers, wood chips from hardwood, briquettes from straw, sunflower husks, buckwheat husks). As a result of the tests it was found that the efficiency of the stoves is about 30% which is approximately 3 times more than that of traditional direct combustion furnaces, and the average thermal power of the gas-generator stoves was 0.71–1.78 kW which corresponds to the thermal power of household stoves operating on natural gas. The fuel consumption and the specific burning rate of the fuel are determined by the air supply. For approximate calculations, you can take a fuel consumption of 1 kg / hour. The specific intensity of combustion for the tested fuels varied in the range 27.5–60.6 kg / (m2 · h). The use of the thermal insulation of the hull makes it possible not only to reduce significantly heat losses to the environment but also to avoid burns if the person touches the stove accidentally. The stoves have the following advantages: ecological compatibility; the economy; mobility. Prospective consumers of stoves are the residents of non-gasified areas, summer residents, tourists.
This paper is devoted to research and improvement of biomass gas generator stoves. Experience in outdoors application of the gas generator stoves showed a need to stabilize the burning of the generator gas. In previous works, investigations in operation of the gas generator stoves were carried out analogically to that of gas-fired household stoves in the mode of water heating in pot. Stoves operation in the mode of food cooking, which characterized byy other conditions of heat exchange, was not examined. The purpose of work is to investigate the influence of the organization of generator gas and air reaction with protection against atmospheric impacts on the energy efficiency of the gas generator stove in modes, which consistent with the stove usage for water heating for household needs and food boiling. To stabilize the gas generator stove operation, it was proposed to perform the mixing of generator gas with air and their reaction in the combustion chamber with the release of combustion products through the narrowed central opening. Comparison of two stove modifications was made — the first without combustion chamber, named as stove with peripheral burning, in which burning of combustible gas occurs near the air nozzles evenly spaced on the top of reactor; the second stove modification — with a combustion chamber, named as a stove with central burning, in which the combustible gas is more uniformly blended with the air, and burning occurs at center of the combustion chamber. Such an approach protects the combustion zone from atmospheric influences. The methodology of the research consisted in determining the energy efficiency coefficient of the gas generator stove with wood pellets burning at different approaches to the organization of generator gas and air mixing and reacting, as well as clarification of influence of stove application for water heating and water heating with prolonged boiling on stove’s energy efficiency. Experimentally find out, what stove with combustion chamber having central combustion and protection of flame from atmospheric influences in water heating mode had increased efficiency up to 29.6 % compared to 25.1 % for the stove with peripheral burning. The average useful heat productivity of stoves both with the peripheral and central combustion was near the same 1.2 kW. Application of gas generator stove for water heating with its prolonged boiling (cooking mode) led to a decrease in efficiency, for the stove with central burning efficiency decreased from 29.6 % to 21.9 %. Ref. 9, Fig. 1, Tab. 3.
Виконано аналіз відомих методів переробки курячого посліду та осадів стічних вод. Запропоновано термічну переробку зазначених відходів методом окиснювального піролізу. Створено високотемпературну установку періодичної дії для проведення експериментальних досліджень. Вироблено гранули з посліду та осадів стічних вод. В процесі окиснювального піролізу волога посліду перетворюється в пар, який взаємодіє з розпеченим вуглецем і активує його. Після переробки маса посліду зменшується в 2-3 рази, а вміст поживних речовин (Р2О5, К2О) збільшується в порівнянні з вихідним продуктом. Отриманий продукт не містить патогенної мікрофлори, має пористу структуру і достатню механічну міцність, що важливо для його транспортування. За результатами переробки посліду було отримано два продукти: карбонізований послід та горючий газ з теплотою згоряння 5,8…6,1 МДж/м3. Вміст поживних речовин в карбонізованому посліді становив: Р2О5 – (14,0…18,8 %); К2О – (7,8…11,1 %). Активність по йоду – 22,3…24,2 %. Для переробки були відібрані дві партії мулу: мул тривалого зберігання (понад 20 років) очисних споруд м. Києва та свіжий мул (3 роки) м. Львова. В процесі переробки осаду стічних вод було встановлено, що при температурі 800 – 850 °С коксозольний залишок спікається, тому максимальну температуру було обмежено до 700 °С. Вміст Р2О5 в карбонізованому мулі становив 17,3…23 %. Проведеними експериментами підтверджена гіпотеза про можливість термічної переробки посліду і мулу методом окиснювального піролізу в нетрадиційні органічні добрива, які містять фосфор і калій. Відповідно до Європейського зеленого курсу (European Green Deal), планується скоротити застосування мінеральних добрив і засобів захисту рослин на 20 % найближчого десятиліття. Замінити традиційні мінеральні добрива можна органічними: карбонізованим послідом і карбонізованим мулом Бібл. 11 , табл. 1, рис. 3.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2025 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.