Relevance. The issues of reproduction of fertility of light gray forest soils of the forest-steppe zone and utilization of poultry industry waste as organic fertilizers are interrelated and are very relevant. Methods. The experiments studied the effect of one-time application of various doses (15, 30, 50 t/ha) of chicken manure, chicken manure compost and local organic fertilizers (sapropel and peat) on crop yields, and the aftereffect of fertilizers on the main indicators of soil fertility — amount of humus, nitrate nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. The variants of the experiments were investigated sixfold. The Federal State Center of Agrochemical Service "Chuvashsky" was involved in laboratory analyses of soils and crop production. Mеthods of analysis of soil samples and crop production are generally accepted in agrochemical science.Results. Organic fertilizers for three years of research were introduced into the soil only once at the beginning of the experiment in doses of 15, 30 and 50 t/ha, and their effect on the yield and quality of crop production (potato tubers, spring wheat grains and peas) in 2020–2022 was positive. The agrochemical properties of the arable soil layer in the variants with the use of organic fertilizers have significantly improved. The nitrate content in the products in variants with doses of chicken manure and compost of 50 t/ha or more approached the critical level. Local fertilizers (sapropel and peat) at a dose of 30 t/ha, chicken manure and compost at a dose of 15 t/ha are good organic fertilizers with a long aftereffect.

Relevance. In connection with the widespread introduction of monoecious hemp varieties into the production, it became necessary to study issues related to the effect of seeding rates on productivity and product quality. In particular, it was necessary to study the effect of seeding rates on the yield and quality of seeds, the characteristics of plant growth and development. In addition, it was important for production to establish the effect of the seeding rate on the yield of seeds, stems and fiber, on the technological qualities of the fiber and the sowing qualities of seeds.Methods. A comparative study was carried out in 2000–2015 on the experimental plots of the Chuvash Research Institute of Agriculture. The sown area of each experimental plot was 20 m2, accounting — 18 m2, the repetition of the experiment was four times. Observations of the growth and development of plants were carried out according to the methodology adopted at the Institute of Bast Crops.Results. It has been established that the density of the stem stand increases with an increase in the seeding rate for all sowing methods, both on an unfertilized and fertilized background. On a fertilized background with the same seeding rate and sowing method, the density of plants is higher than on an unfertilized background. The number of seeds, seed weight and fiber weight per plant in the experimental variants studied by us decreased with an increase in the seed sowing rate. A similar pattern was obtained for the weight of 1000 seeds. The largest weight of seeds and fiber from one plant was obtained with a single-row sowing method with a seeding rate of 10 kg per ha, and the smallest — with a continuous sowing method with a seeding rate of 100 kg per ha. The highest seed yield on both fertilized and unfertilized backgrounds was obtained with a wide-row sowing method and a seeding rate of 10–15 kg/ha. The highest fiber yield on both backgrounds was obtained with a continuous sowing method with a seeding rate of 80–100 kg/ha.