a B s t r a C t -The article offers a view on the outcomes of morphometric studies focusing on vertical, transverse parameters of the lower large molars in patients with various dental types of arches. The subject of the study was the lower molars segments obtained from jaws cast models of 65 people with physiological occlusion, a full set of permanent teeth and various types of dental system (Group 1 -normodontia; Group 2 -macrodontia; Group 3 -microdontia). For transversal direction morphometry, the vestibular-lingual size of the tooth crown and neck were used, as well as the intertubercular distance. To measure the vertical parameters, the height of the vestibular, lingual odontomere and that of the tubercle were identified. The results of the study show that people with physiological occlusion and permanent teeth macrodontia, the vertical, transversal parameters exceed those featured by people with normodontia and microdontia types of the dental system. The obtained odontometric features can be used through diagnosing occlusal relationships and identifying various pathological, physiological abrasions of varying degrees of occlusal surface loss. K E Y w o r d s -jaws cast model biometry, lower jaw molars, physiological occlusion, tooth morphological structure.s t o M a t o L o G Y C L i N i C a L r E s E a r C h 27. Shkarin V.V., Domenyuk D.A., Porfiriadis M.P., Dmitrienko D.S., Dmitrienko S.V. Mathematical and graphics simulation for individual shape of maxillary dental arch // Archiv EuroMedica, 2017. Vol. 7; 1. Р. 60-65.s t o M a t o L o G Y C L i N i C a L r E s E a r C h

The article offers a view on the outcomes of analyzing the convergence angles of conditional occlusal midlines passing through the middle of the occlusal surface and intersecting with the median sagittal plane, which allows determining the specifics of the upper and lower jaws grinder teeth rotation. The subject of the study was the cast models of the jaws obtained from 64 persons with physiological occlusion, a full set of permanent teeth and various gnathic (mesognathia, brachygnathia, dolichognathia), and dental (macrodontia, normodontia, microdontia) types of dental arches. Detailed examination of the data regarding grinder teeth rotation in view of the gnathic and dental type of dental arches in people with physiological occlusion, allowed us to develop, substantiate and test an examination algorithm for patients with torsioversion to be found in almost all types of anomalies and deformations of dental arches. This algorithm allowed increasing the reliability of measurements (linear, angular) in the transversal plane; identifying the degree of complexity, and selecting the treatment tactics; describing the variability of the convergence angles for grinder teeth with different gnathic and dental types of dental arches, and evaluating the effectiveness of orthodontic treatment in patients featuring dentition abnormalities and deformations. K E Y w o r d s -teeth torsioversion; physiological occlusion; tooth convergence angle; gnathic, dental type of dental arches; biometry of jaws cast models.

The content of MMP-8 and MMP-9 in oral fluid of 145 patients (95 women and 50 men, 18-52 years) was measured by enzyme immunoassay. We examined 63 subjects with the intact periodontium and 82 patients with chronic generalized periodontitis (25 patients with mild disease, 45 patients with moderate disease, and 12 patients with severe disease). All patients were examined during the remission of chronic periodontitis and did not have clinical signs of associated somatic diseases. No significant differences were found in the content of MMP-8 and MMP-9 in oral fluid from periodontitis patients and subjects with the intact periodontium. The content of MMP-8 an MMP-9 in oral fluid of patients with severe periodontium was slightly higher than that in other patients and subjects with the intact periodontium. The depth of the periodontal pocket was shown to be the most reliable clinical sign for the state of periodontal tissues. A strong correlation was revealed between this criterion and MMP-9 content in oral fluid.

R e s U L t s A n D D I s C U s s I o nThe measurements based on the cone-beam tomograms revealed that Group 1 patients with mesognathism and microdontism had an inter-arch distance between the dental arch interdental point and the alveolar arch central point at 4.0 ± 0.92 mm. The s t o M a t o L o G Y

The biomechanics of the lower jaw movement is subject to the articulation laws, which follow the temporomandibular joint morphology. The major elements of the joint bone structures include the temporal bone articular fossa and the articular head of the mandible condylar process. The lower jaw articular heads have an ellipsoid shape, elongated in the horizontal (transverse) direction. The articular heads axes are directed toward the large occipital foramen and, when crossing, shape an angle with a very variable magnitude [3,4,8]. Numerous studies have proven the relationship between the articular heads shape and the dental arches. Modern classifications for dental arch shapes distinguish gnathic and dental types, which differ in their morphometric parameters. It is a proven fact that pathological occlusion has an effect on the location of the temporomandibular joint elements and the tactics for complex treatment [1,2,5,6,7,10]. The main methods for studying the temporomandibular joints include radiography, where the most objective one is the method of cone-beam computed tomography [6,9, 11, 12]. The software of the tomographs available nowadays allows measuring angular and linear parameters of various structures comprising the craniofacial complex. Tomogram image sections construct articular heads' transversal axes and then the angle of their intersection is measured. However, we could find no data on the methods for linear measure-ments of inter-articular relationships, which was the purpose of this work. Aim:to develop a method for constructing an articular triangle on head CT transversal sections, which would allow assessing the spatial location of the mandible articular heads. M A t e R I A L s A n D M e t H o D sCone-beam computed tomography (cephalostat PaX-i3D SC, VATECH Global) was employed to carry out a survey involving 28 people (both males and females) in their first period of mature age with a full set of permanent teeth and an orthognathic bite. The CT sections passing through the mandible articular heads were used to make measurements using landmarks represented as dots and lines. The articular heads had the medial and lateral poles of the ellipse marked on them, which were interconnected with a straight line thus producing the articular heads longitudinal axis. The obtained marks were further used to develop a research method. R e s U L t s A n D D I s C U s s I o nThe method for constructing an articular triangle implied connecting the longitudinal axes of the articular heads thus shaping the apex of the triangle. The base of the triangle was a line connecting the articular heads' lateral poles. The proposed method allowed measuring the distance between the articular heads in millimeters as well as measuring the articular heads angle. In case of physiological occlusion, all the examined articular triangles, as a rule, were equilateral. In addition, the proposed method allowed us to measure the triangle height and calculate its area as the product of half the inter-articular distance by the articul...