No abstract

Groundwater is an essential factor in the aquifer recharging and management for the drinking, irrigation, and economy. Currently unpredictable rainfall due to climate change and pollution on the earth's surface, these problems directly affect the demand for groundwater in the more affected area of the globe. In this study, we have selected two methods such as Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Multiple Influence Factors (MIF), which would be applied for the groundwater potential zone maps. We have been prepared the nine thematic layers such as LULC, geomorphology, soil, drainage density, slope, lineament density, elevation, groundwater level, and geology maps using remote sensing and GIS techniques. These layers are integrated in the Arc GIS software with the help of AHP and MIF methods. We were identified into four classes, i.e., Poor, Moderate, Good, and Very Good based on AHP and MF methods. The groundwater potentials zones area is 241.50 (ha.). Poor, 285.64 (ha.) moderate, 408.31 (ha.) good, and 92.75 (ha.) very good using AHP method. However, the other groundwater potential zones area is shown as 351.29 (ha.) poor, 511.18 (ha.), moderate, 123.95 (ha.) good, and 41.78 (ha.) very good using MIF method. Both the groundwater potential zone maps have been validated with the water yield data using Arc GIS software 10.8. The ROC and AUC models' results are found to be 0.80 (good) and 0.93 (excellent) using MIF and AHP methods, respectively. The main purpose of this study is to identify the best method for demarcated the groundwater potential zone map, which method is better for preparation of watershed planning, and groundwater development policy, specific in basaltic rock and drought condition. The present study's framework 84work and results will be valuable to improving the efficiency of irrigation, conservation of rain water and maintain the ecosystem in India.

The twelve wells were selected to carry out the various test, duration of pumping (min), maximum draw drown (m), duration of recovery (min), residual drawdown, and aquifer type in the basaltic rock aquifer parameters of Buchakewadi watershed. The source and flow of groundwater are essential concerns in hydrological systems that concern both spatially and temporally components of groundwater discharge and water supply problems. The content and temperature of groundwater flowing through an aquifer might change depending on the aquifer environment. As a result, hydrodynamic analyses can provide valuable information about a region's subsurface geology. The present research attempts of aquifer variables such as transmissivity (T) and storativity (S) estimation are significant for groundwater resource development and evaluation. There are numerous approaches for calculating precise aquifer characteristics (i.e., hydrograph analysis, pumping test, etc.). A most frequent in situ analysis is a well-pumping test, which accurately measures the decline and rise of groundwater levels. During an aquifer pumping test, to characterize aquifer properties in an undiscovered location to forecast the rate of depletion of the groundwater table/potentiometric surface. The shallow, weathering subsurface water accessible above the Deccan traps in an unconfined state is insufficient to satisfy the ever-increasing pressure on water supplies. Maharashtra is similarly dominated by hard rocks, whose rainfall susceptibility is limited by weathering and primary porosity, as is their volume to store and convey water. Based on the hydraulic parameters and Theis method, results are optimized. Aquifer mapping and pumping test results can be more important for solving problems such as water scarcity, nonpolluting water, health issues, and source of fresh water on the earth surface. However, the characterization of aquifer parameters should be significant role in the scientific planning and engineering practices.