The article discusses the core changes, called the “new industrial revolution”. It addresses the challenges that Russia faces in its technological transition. Based on the cross-country analysis of the readiness to transition, we bring the target vision of the technological revolution for Russia. Risks and action scenarios are also evaluated, the main measures are proposed and the stages of their implementation are indicated. The aim of the article is to put the accelerated technological transformation in the list of priority goals for Russian economic policy. The article is based on the Center for Strategic Research report.