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The specific TCI for the residual oil case is significantly higher than that for a similar facility based on coker off-gas. This result is expected because of increased equipment for feed handling and impurity removal. For the facilities based on coker off-gas, there is a significant economy of scale with a resulting reduction in the price of hydrogen. A similar effect is expected for a facility based on residual fuel. Biomass Gasification As with coal gasification, biomass may be gasified using a variety of methods, primarily indirect and direct gasification. Indirect gasification, as exemplified by the Battelle-Columbus Laboratories and Future Energy Resources Corporation (BCL/FERCO) gasifier, uses a medium such as sand to transfer heat from the char combustor to the gasification vessel (Spath and Mann 1998). In direct gasification (e.g., the Institute of Gas Technology, IGT, gasifier) heat to the gasification vessel is supplied by the combustion of a portion of the feed biomass.

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