The aim was of this study was to discover the adaptation indicators of different breeds first-calving cows to voluntary (robotic) milking system during the first month of lactation. The research was carried out in a robotic farm on German Holstein, French Holstein breeds and Brown Swiss breed of cows. During the adaptation period, the German Holsteins were differed from the rench Holsteins and Brown Swiss breed by milk yield, multiplicity of milking, and the amount of consumed concentrated feed. On the 30th day (end of adaptation period), the German Holstein breed dominated over the French Holstein breed and Brown Swiss having average daily milk yield by 0.73 and 4.12 kg, milking times by 0.26 and 0.34, the amount of consumed concentrated feed by 0.32 and 0.61 kg higher. In addition, the German Holstein breed during the adaptation period was distinguished by higher multiplicity of passages through the selection gate and the number of visits to feed stations. Important indicators of adaptation to free keeping and voluntary milking are the number of cases of forced milking. On the 5th day of lactation, some 69.4–86.2% of cows of all the groups did not enter the milking robot. This indicator has been steadily declining every five days. On the 30th day of lactation the cases of operator-forced milking were 24.3–35.9% and they were the lowest in cows of the German Holstein breed, indicating the best adaptive qualities of this cattle. The German Holstein breed had more lower (by 0.30 and 0.26 mS/cm) electrical milk conductivity on the 30th day compared with French and Brown Swiss breeds. In addition, the number of somatic cells in its milk was lower by 19.4 and 17.1 thousand cells per cm3 compared with French Holstein and Brown Swiss breed. Therefore, we suggested that the German Holstein breed has more higher stress tolerance, and hence a shorter adaptation time to the keeping.

The purpose of the work was to explore the indicators of functional state and function of protein synthesis of the cow liver within experimental fasciolysis, sensitized to atypical mycobacteria. Ten cows of black-and-white breed were selected for the experiments. Two groups consisting of five animals each were formed. The control group cows were clinically healthy. The animals of the experimental group were contaminated with mycobacteriosis and fascicular invasion. In the course of research, the rules for performing zootechnical experiments on the selection and maintenance of animal-analogues in the group, harvesting technology, use and accounting of consumed feed were followed. Being impacted by fascicular invasion, the cattle sensitized with mycobacteria demonstrated the suppression of the liver protein synthesis function, which manifests itself as a decrease in total blood protein, a decrease in the level of albumins and an increase in the level of globulins. According to the clinical manifestation of fasciolosis in the cattle sensitized with atypical mycobacteria, disease pathogens have a toxic effect on hepatocytes causing an increase in the permeability of the biological membranes of the cell membranes. The indicated changes lead to an increase in the activity of blood serum enzymes, in particular, aminotransferases (AsAT and AlAT) and alkaline phosphatase. High activity of AlAT and AsAT in the blood serum of the cows under experimental fasciolysis sensitized by atypical mycobacteria, indicates destructive processes in the liver that cause release of aminotransaminases from cellular organelles in the blood of the cattle. Thus, the results obtained indicate an increase in destructive processes in the body of the cows under experimental fascioliasis sensitized with atypical mycobacteria.

The data on the dynamics of body weight changes, absolute and average daily gains, frequency rate of increase in body weight, relative growth rate and intensity of body weight growth of Limousine and Volyn Meat breeds heifers. Both studied breeds characterized by different body weight at different age periods. Newborn Limousine breed heifers are weighed 2,7 kg more (P < 0.05) than Volyn Meat breed heifers; at 3 months age the difference was 8.5 kg (P < 0.05) at 6 months – 14.6 kg, at 9 month – 20.8 kg (P < 0.05), at 12 months – 25,6 kg (P < 0.05), at 15–months – 31.9 (P<0,05), and at 18 months – 23.5 kg. Total and average daily gains in animals of both breeds were the highest for a period of 3 to 6 months of age. In the period from birth to 15 months of age preference for average daily gains were in Limousine, however, the difference was statistically significant only for the period of 0 – 3 months and amounted to 63,9 g (P < 0,05). From 15 to 18 months of age Limousine slightly conceded to Volyn Meat breeds on this parameter. In animals of both breeds magnification of body weight increased with age, but over the entire period (from birth to 18 months) this parameter in Volyn Meat heifers was 0.6 times better than Limousine heifers. The coefficients of relative intensity and tension increase of body weight in animals of both breeds were highest in the period from birth to 3 months of age. With age, these indicators declined. Mainly, the advantage was in Volyn meat breed heifers, but the difference was not statistically significant.

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