Vibrating devices occupy a large cluster in the construction and road construction industry. The improvement of all vibration machines begins, first of all, with a vibration device, as the main working body of the machine. Basically, vibrators acted as a vibrating device for all road construction equipment. Initially, vibrators with circular vibrations were used, which are not so effective and not always sufficient for performing special work on driving piles into the ground and also extracting them from the soil. Vibratory systems with asymmetric vibrations are increasingly being used in the construction industry. For example, when driving piles, pile drivers are used. Their principle of operation is similar in its action to the operation of a vibration plant with asymmetric vibrations. However, a vibration plant with asymmetric oscillations, when the direction of the driving force is turned in the opposite direction, not down, but up, also makes it possible to extract worn-out piles and sheet piles from the soil. Based on the above, we propose a description, a method for calculating the optimal values of the asymmetry coefficient, driving force and set out the principle of operation of a physical model of a vibration plant with two stages of generating asymmetric vibrations, consisting of standard vibration equipment: the first stage: a table of the brand EV-341 and the second stage : vibrator of directional vibrations brand IV-99B, manufactured by OOO Yaroslavl Plant Krasny Mayak.

Vibrating machines play a primary role in the implementation of programs in the construction and road construction kit. The improvement of vibration machines allows to significantly increase the speed of construction and road construction work. The main working unit of a vibrating machine is a vibrating device or vibrator. Currently, in the industry, vibration devices are used with circular or directional, along a certain straight line of vibrations. Further improvement of vibrating machines is carried out in the direction of creating vibration devices with asymmetric vibrations. At present, there are practically no vibrating machines with asymmetric vibrations. These machines allow to distinguish between the "working" process phase and the "idle" phase within each oscillation period. Moreover, the value of the driving force in the phase of performing useful work is several times higher than the value of the driving force in the direction of idling. Therefore, much less work is spent on idling. This allows to get rid of massive elements - overloads that extinguish the magnitude of the driving force in the direction of idling. Therefore, the urgency is to develop a method for converting existing machines with directional vibrations into asymmetric ones, with a given coefficient of asymmetry of the driving force. This makes it possible to reduce the specific indicators of the metal consumption of vibrating machines and the energy consumption of the work performed.

Vibration machines make up a large class of construction and road construction equipment. The improvement of vibration machines is carried out in the direction of improving the vibration device as the main working body of the machine. For a long time, vibrators with circular vibrations are used as vibration devices, the effectiveness of which is not always sufficient when performing special work on immersing piles into and removing them from the soil. The priority area of development and creation of vibration devices for technological processes in the coming years is mechanisms with asymmetric oscillations. Vibration devices with asymmetric oscillations can significantly increase the efficiency of using vibration machines due to the fact that the driving force aimed at performing useful work exceeds the magnitude of the driving force directed at idling several times. However, at present there is no method for determining and calculating the parameters of vibration devices with asymmetric oscillations instead of circular vibrators. The purpose of the article is to consider a method for designing vibrational devices with asymmetric oscillations, based on the method of expanding a given function of changing the value of the total driving force into a Fourier series, the terms of which are the values of the driving forces generated by each stage of a multi-stage vibration mechanism. The study is based on classical analytical and numerical methods. The results obtained allows to use the methodology for evaluating the design method of a vibration device with asymmetric vibrations at the design stage and to evaluate the effectiveness of the designed vibration device.