Secondary pyrolysis of products of Israeli oil shale processing was
studied in a two-stage bench-scale unit. The gas and oil vapors generated from the primary
pyrolysis were sent to the converter
for the secondary pyrolysis at temperatures of 650−820 °C. The
oil yield on kerogen decreased
from 35.3% at the pyrolysis temperature of 500 °C to 15.4% at 820
°C. The gas yield increased
in the same temperature range from 10.7 to 25.5%. The yields of
hydrogen, methane, ethylene,
and carbon monoxide increased with temperature, whereas yields of
alkanes decreased. The
secondary pyrolysis enables us to simplify substantially the
composition of the primary shale
oil. The higher the severity of the conversion, the higher the
yield of the simplest
homologuesthiophene, naphthalene, phenanthrene, anthracene,
thionaphthene, and dibenzothiopheneand the lower the yield of alkyl derivativestoluene,
methylthiophenes, styrene, etc.
Maximal content of methyl and dimethyl derivatives was observed at
a temperature of 730 °C.
The total thiophenes yield may be as high as 6.4% on oil shale
organic matter, and this can be
of practical interest because thiophenes are an important source for
the production of light- and
photoemitting polymers, materials for semiconductors, electrochemical
cells, films, sensors, and
other high-tech devices.
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