This paper summarizes the arguments and counterarguments within the scientific discussion on the issue of influence various information factors of economic, social, political, innovative and technological spheres on country's image. A special role in image shaping is played by non-material factors: information impacts, technologies and innovations development and governance efficiency. The aim of the study is to analyze the image of countries and to identify the impact of information security, innovations and effective governance on the image of countries. Methodological tools of the research methods were correlation and cluster analysis. CEE countries have been chosen as the object of research. The analysis has revealed a high correlation between the image of the states and its improvement and security indexes; Government Effectiveness Index; World Press Freedom Index; The Global Competitiveness Index.

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During heat transfer from metal to solution, local metal activation occurs more readily within a crevice than under isothermal conditions, i.e., both for metal open surface temperature and also for crevice bottom temperature. Metal within a crevice is activated more readily the higher the heat flow density. Disruption of passivity is more likely to occur in the form of a corrosion spot close to a crevice bottom.Local corrosion is a typical form of heat exchanger equipment breakdown [1], and this is connected both with structural features of the majority of heat exchangers, and with their operating conditions. For contemporary heat exchanger equipment, heat exchange surfaces are typically made in the form of pipes, plates, and spiral baffles. With any method for finishing the ends of pipes in pipe grids, joints of plates with each other and spiral baffles with end caps, within heat exchangers there is formation of a considerable number of crevices and gaps, and this may lead to rapid crevice corrosion [2][3][4][5][6]. In the case of shell-and-tube heat exchangers, 61.4% of forced stoppages are caused by pipe breakdown and 30.6% are caused by tube plate failure [7]. Flange joints are especially vulnerable to crevice corrosion.Crevice corrosion is observed most frequently in heat exchange equipment made from passivating materials (stainless steels, titanium, etc.) in media containing ion-activators [2,5,8]. This problem acquires particular importance taking account of the increasing requirement of industry and power generation for recycled and desalinated sea water.The rate of crevice corrosion depends on solution pH value, oxygen and chlorides dissolved within it, and also on solution movement rate and its temperature [8]. Crevice geometric parameters [9, 10], and the ratio of surface area within and outside a crevice [11,12], have a considerable effect on crevice corrosion. Narrower crevices reduce metal endurance [10]. With an increase in crevice width, there is an increase of corrosion within a crevice, but with a crevice width of more than 3 mm this parameter ceases to affect corrosion [13]. With a crevice width less than the diffusion layer thickness, the limiting flow of oxygen regeneration, which determines the metal dissolution rate, becomes constant and does not depend either on pH value or on chloride concentration in solution [14].Heat transfer conditions, affecting metal surface temperature and the layer of solution at an electrode, and the rate of transport processes close to a metal surface, should have a marked effect on crevice corrosion. However, this aspect of crevice corrosion has hardly been studied. In [8], a number of factors influencing tube and tube grid crevice corrosion have been studied as applied to heat exchanger operating conditions, cooling sea water. Research was carried out on a model heat exchanger, and this made it impossible to establish quantitative features of crevice corrosion occurrence and development with heat exchange under strictly controlled conditions. In our view, the ...