The authors present a comparative analysis of the results of the study of 72 adolescent patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME), which were published in 2010, and a new sample of patients over the last 5 years with the publications of domestic and foreign authors. Difficult clinical cases are described. These data indicate positive shifts in the diagnosis and treatment of JME. However, the question of diagnosis is still a hard problem for neurologists. The questions to be resolved are: gender aspect of the disease, to what extent levetiracetam could be a drug of first choice and to what extent valproats could be replaced; monitoring of children born to mothers with JME, a role of paternal inheritance.

This work represents an insight into a problem of studying one of the higher mental functions of humans - speech, its primary role in the development of man as a biosocial being. Various concepts of speech and the problem of the dominance of cerebral hemispheres in language function are analyzed. It touched upon the ontogenesis of hemispheric asymmetry. The problem of 'codominance' of right and left hemispheres depending on the nature of the task solving by the subject and the functional level of information processing is discussed. The authors highlight that the problem has an interdisciplinary nature, it is marked at the junction of neurophysiology, neuropsychology, neurology and defectology.

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