The present study contemplates to construct a knowledge test to measure the knowledge level of cardamom growers with regards to various eco-friendly cultivation practices in cardamom. Ex- post facto research design was used for the study. Kerala state was chosen as the locale of the study. . Ex-post facto research design is widely used in social as well as behavioral sciences. It has strong points that make it the most appropriate research design in a number of circumstances as well as limitations that make it weak from the point of view of its internal and external validity. The study was conducted in the year 2021. The study was carried out in two taluks namely Udumbanchola and Devikulam of Idukki district as cardamom crop is grown extensively here. The knowledge test was conducted outside the sample area. The content of the test was composed of questions called items. The test consists of 65 items and can be applied to the cardamom growers. Finally after the knowledge test 37 items were selected and included in the interview schedule. Scientific knowledge about eco-friendly cultivation practices is very much important for enhancing the organic cardamom production. Out of 65 items 37 were selected to measure the knowledge level of eco-friendly cardamom growers. Overall knowledge was measured by using a knowledge test comprising of these 37 items.

Krishi Vigyan Kendra's (KVKs) conducted Cluster Front Line Demonstrations (CFLDs) under the National Food Security Mission (NFSM) to showcase the productivity of newly released technologies on farmers' fields. These demonstrations aimed to disseminate various technologies and engage farmers and extension workers in farming and extension activities. The study focused on Chittoor district in Andhra Pradesh. For CFLDs beneficiary farmers, the study found that variables such as education, training, mass media exposure, innovativeness, scientific orientation, management orientation, economic orientation, and risk orientation had a significant positive relationship with the extent of adoption. However, age and farming experience showed a significant negative relationship. Farm size, extension contact, social participation, and achievement motivation were not significantly related to changes in yield level.In the case of non-beneficiary farmers, education, social participation, scientific orientation, management orientation, economic orientation, and achievement motivation were negatively significant, while age, farm size, farming experience, training, extension contact, mass media exposure, and innovativeness were not significantly related to changes in yield level. When considering all 14 independent variables together, they explained approximately 73.60% of the variation in yield level changes among beneficiary farmers and 55.20% among non-beneficiary farmers participating in CFLDs.