The article is devoted to the study of the structure of the Ukrainian sentence. At the centre of the authors' scientific interests are unextended sentences of verbal type. The investigation was carried out with the presupposition of the opinion of leading modern syntacticians on the division of simple sentences or parts of complex sentences into extended and unextended ones and the recognition of the minimal structural elements by syntactic units, self-sufficient for forming and expressing predicative basis. The object of the study was unextended verb-type sentences without obligatory predicate components. The analysis includes not only sentences consisting of a subject and a predicate (two-member sentence) or a main clause (one-member sentence sentence), expressed by an absolute verb, but also those that can be distributed by optional components, as well as sentences of complex structure. The material for scientific research was a discourse of high functional-stylistic and individual-speech quality, accumulated in Oles Honchar's novels «Cathedral» and «Your Star». Among the verbs of the modern Ukrainian language, which model unextended sentences of verbal type, the following semantic groups are distinguished: verbs that express action as a lesson, skill, duty; verbs representing the psychophysiological state; verbs of movement, motion; verbs with the meaning of «transformation», «transition», «emergence of a new feature», «strengthening of a feature or quality»; verbs denoting sounds; verbs with the meaning «to take place», «to be» (about the natural phenomena). The main attention in the article is focused on the semantic and syntactic organization of unextended sentences. For this purpose, semantic types of verbs of the modern Ukrainian language are singled out and illustrated with extensive examples, which compose unextended sentences of verbal type in Oles Honchar's belles-lettres communication. Their analysis showed that the writer prefers the verbs of movement, motion and especially those verbs that express the psychophysiological state. Oles Honchar rarely uses verbs that express action as a lesson, skill, duty. The verbs denoting sounds represent a small group either. Verbs with the meaning «to take place», «to be», reproducing the natural phenomena are more frequent. The verbs denoting «transformation», «transition», «emergence of a new feature», «strengthening of a feature or quality» took a borderline position in terms of usage frequency. Based on the analysis of uncommon verb-type sentences without obligatory predicate components in Oles Honchar’s belles-lettres communication, a general conclusion is made that their meanings form a complex of heterogeneous semantic elements. Semantic-syntactic differential features of such sentences are due, among other things, to the self-sufficient semantic content of absolute verbs-predicates.

No abstract

No abstract

The article is devoted to the analysis of the general understanding of the legal status of a person, historical and legal aspects of the transformation of content, as the basis of the current state of a particular institution. The development of the state and society as a whole, in modern conditions is undergoing significant changes. Previous historical periods have been characterized by significant changes in many areas, the struggle for human rights, the formation of a modern understanding of the legal status of the individual has become one of the defining characteristics of the past century. Recognition of man and his rights and freedoms at the level of international standards as the highest social value - indicates the relevance of the chosen issue. In turn, new challenges during the coronavirus epidemic (COVID - 19) during 2020-2021 clearly showed the relative certainty (even vulnerability) of the whole group of human rights, the ability of the state to limit them in different circumstances and in different methods, lack of guarantee and implementation mechanisms. human rights, etc. And, therefore, the system of destructive factors in the transformation of the legal status of a person and the means of counteracting them need additional scientific analysis. In addition, the development of the information society has become an incentive to form a fairly powerful block of human rights arising from the basic right to information. The legal status of a person is formed by the totality of all rights, freedoms and obligations of a person and a citizen and is the basis of his / her legal status. The legal status of a person is a complex concept that includes the legal status of a person, general legal capacity, political and legal principles, rights, freedoms and responsibilities of man and citizen, as well as guarantees of realization and protection of human rights and freedoms. The legal status of a person is a set or system of subjective rights, freedoms and responsibilities that belong to a particular person and are enshrined in the current system of law. Society and the individual have always been interested in how stable and inviolable their rights and freedoms are. We know many examples in history when the struggle for rights led to serious uprisings, civil wars, socio-political movements and so on. The relevance of guarantees of rights and freedoms remains to this day. In jurisprudence, this issue is presented quite widely, especially in the context of growing state and legal guarantees of individual status, fixation at the level of international standards, increasing society's requirements for the state to effectively guarantee the observance and realization of their rights.

У статті йдеться про нове явище вітчизняного медіадискурсу, інспіроване широкомасштабною війною 2022 року, яке пропонуємо назвати «мовою перемоги». Установлено, що воно займає полярну позицію до вже відомого, добре дослідженого поняття «мова ворожнечі».  З’ясовано, що механізм упливу «мови перемоги» на масову аудиторію має меліоративно позитивний, стимулюючий характер: реципієнт відчуває єднання, силу подолати будь-які перешкоди на шляху до перемоги, довгоочікуваного миру. Функціонуючи у межах єдиного інформаційного марафону, «мова перемоги» представлена різними ситуативними контекстами. Зазначено, що «мова перемоги» інспірує віру в непереможність української нації, абсолютизує служіння в ім’я захисту мирного життя на своїй землі.